The study was carried out during 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 seasons at the Exp. Farm of Assiut University, to Evaluate 20 bread wheat genotypes (Triticum aestivum L) for traits related to lodging resistance and yield under different levels of nitrogen fertilization i.e. 50, 75 and 100 kg N/fed.
Additive main effects and multiplicative interactions (AMMI) model ana-lyses were performed to assess and quantify the magnitude of genotype by envi-ronment interaction (GEI) for number of days to heading (DH) and grain yield (GY/P) stability of sixteen promising bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) geno-types. Field experiments under recommended (N) and late (L) sowing date in newly reclaimed soil were conducted in the Agricultural Research Station at Arab-Elawamer, Assiut, Egypt for three consecutive seasons (2016/2017, 2017/2018 and 2018/2019). The combined ANOVA showed highly significant differences among genotypes and among environments for both traits, while GEI was highly significant for DH and not significant for GY/P. Results of AMMI analysis indicated that the first three AMMI (PC1, PC2 and PC3) were highly significant for DH and AMMI1 was only significant in case of GY/P. In addition, the environments showed high contributions to the total sum of squares (TSS) and explained 84.7 and 85.3% for days to heading and grain yield/plot, respectively. While, the genotypes captured 10.4 and 6.8% of the TSS for the same traits, respectively. Although that the GEI showed low contribution to the total SS, but its magnitude (7.9%) was larger than that for genotypes in case of GY/P. The AMMI stability value discriminated genotypes G3, G7, G9, G12 and G14. G3 were the most promising stable and adapted genotypes according to grain yield performance over environments.
Effect of Foliar Spray by Different Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Concentrations at Various Growth Stages on Grain Yield and its Components of Maize /
قطاع الدراسات الزراعية / General
تخصص البحث : General
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences / / Vol. 51, no. 2 - July 2020
تاريخ تقديم البحث 05/10/2020
تاريخ قبول البحث 03/11/2020
عدد صفحات البحث 10
يوسف خيرى انور( ajas@aun.edu.eg - 01226313930 ) - مؤلف رئيسي
Zinc Oxide nanoparticles, Growth stages, Grain yield and its components, Maize.
A field experiment was carried out during 2017 and 2018 seasons at the Agronomy Department Experimental Farm, Agriculture Faculty, Assiut Uni-versity to study the effect of foliar spray time by different zinc oxide nanopar-ticles concentrations (ZnO NPs) on production of maize. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) using strip plot ar-rangement with three replications. Zinc oxide nanoparticles concentration (tap water without ZnO NPs (control), 100, 200 and 300 ppm) were allocated ho-rizontally, while, application time (8-10 leaves, tasseling and grain filling stages) were arranged vertically. Results show that zinc oxide nanoparticles concentrations did not affected significantly on all the studied traits in the both seasons, Furthermore, the foliar spray time had a significant effect on grain yield fed.-1 in the both season, grains weight plant in the first season only and number of grains row-1 in the second season only. Moreover, the interaction between studied zinc nanoparticles concentrations and applications time in this respect failed to be significant at 5% level of probability in the two growing seasons. Whatever, the highest grain yield fed.-1 mean value in the first season (3090.00 kg) was recorded from maize plants which were sprayed by 100 ppm of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) at tasseling stage, while the corresponding mean value in the second season (3846.00 kg) was achieved from maize plants which were sprayed by 200 ppm zinc oxide nanoparticles at 8-10 leaves stage.
A field experiment was carried out at Agronomy Department Research Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Egypt, during 2016 and 2017 seasons to evaluation some sorghum genotypes under different concentrations of humic acid. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) using strip-plot arrangement with three replications. The genotypes {Horus, Hybrid 2, Hybrid 305 and Hybrid 306} were assigned vertically while, humic acid concentrations (control,0.5 ml L-1,1.0 ml L-1,1.5 ml L-1,2.0 ml L-1 and 2.5 ml L-1) were allocated horizontally. The obtained results showed that the studied grain sorghum genotypes had a significant effect on plant height, panicle length, grain weight plant-1, grain and fodder yields traits in the both seasons., furthermore the interaction between grain sorghum genotypes and humic acid concentrations had a significant effect on the plant height in the second season, seed weight plant-1in the first season as well as grains and fodder yields/ fed in the two growing seasons. In addition, the maximum average of grain yield fed.-1(26.7 and 25.2ardab fed.-1 in the first and second seasons, respectively) were gained from Hybrid 2 plants which were sprayed by 2.5 ml l-1 of humic acid in the first season and Hybrid 306 plants which were sprayed by 2.0 ml l-1 in the second one.
A field experiment was carried out at the Agronomy Department Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University during 2017 and 2018 seasons to study the effect of plant density and nitrogen fertilizer splitting on the production of sunflower. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) in split- plot arrangement with four replications. Plant density (46666, 28000, 20000 plants / fed.) were assigned in main plots and three treatments of nitrogen fertilizer splitting (2 and 3 doses) were arranged in sub-plots. The obtained results showed that plant height, seed weight per plant, seed yield (kg fed? ?), oil percentage (%) and oil yield (kg fed? ?) were affected significantly by plant density in both seasons. Plant density 20000 plants /fed gave the highest mean values of seed yield fed? ? (2669.14 and 2569.59 kg /fed.) and oil yield fed? ? (990.47and 915.21kg /fed, in the first and second seasons, respectively). Additionally, Splitting nitrogen fertilizer into three doses (N1) gave the highest mean values for mention traits in both seasons. There was significant interaction between plant density and splitting nitrogen fertilizer on allthe studied traits in the both seasons, except plant height. Plant density 20000 plants /fed when received nitrogen fertilizer at three doses (N1) gave the highest mean values of seed yield fed. (2833.33 and 2728.58 kg /fed) in the both seasons.
The present investigation was conducted at Shandaweel Agricultural Research Station – Field Crops Research Institute (FCRI), Agricultural Research Center(ARC) through threesuccessivewinter seasons from 2015/16 to 2017/18. The experimental material included six populations i.e.P1, P2, F1,F2, BC1, and BC2 for two bread wheat crosses vizShandaweel 1 × Sids 1 and Line 1 × Sids 12. Six parameters model was applied for studying inheritance of seven agronomic traits; days to heading (DH), no. of spikes/plant (S/P), plant height (PLH), biological yield / plant (BY), grain yield/plant (GY),100-grain weight (100-KW), and no. of kernels/spike (K/S) under normal irrigation (5 irrigations) and water stress conditions (3 irrigations). The results showed significant or highly significant differences among the included materials.Mean performance of F1 generation in cross 1 and cross 2 override mid-parents or/and best parent for most of the reviewed traits under investigation except plant height in cross 2 under stress conditions.The results of scaling tests indicated that at least one of thesescales is significant and additive-dominance model is inadequate, consequently six parameters model is applicable.The results indicated that gene main effect was highly significant for all the studied traits. Additive gene effect was significant for most of the traits in combinations of the crosses and environments. The results showed that non-allelic interactionswere significant or highly significant with positive sign for some traits and with negative sign for the others. The results indicated that duplicate epistasis was predominant while complementary epistasis was found onlyin one case.The average degree of dominance indicated presence of partial, complete, and over dominance. Broad, narrow sense heritability and genetic advance valueswere moderate to high.The results of the current investigation revealed that the included material can be used for producing high yielding lines under stress water conditions deploying selection in early generation for some traits andin advanced generation in the others.
Impact of probiotic bacteria on the chemical characteristics of low-fat soft white cheese /
قطاع الدراسات الزراعية / General
تخصص البحث : General
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences / / Vol. 51, no. 2 - July 2020
تاريخ تقديم البحث 05/10/2020
تاريخ قبول البحث 03/11/2020
عدد صفحات البحث 16
يوسف خيرى انور( ajas@aun.edu.eg - 01226313930 ) - مؤلف رئيسي
Probiotics, cheese, white soft cheese, chemical characteristics.
The low-fat cheese is healthy and beneficial for dieters and heart patients; especially if it is made with probiotics, which have many health benefits. The objectives of this study were to manufacture low-fat white soft cheese usingyoghurt starters, Bifidobacteria and mixture of them in different proportionsand study the chemical properties of these cheeses during 30 days of storage at 8±2 °C. Pasteurized skim mixture of cow and buffalo milk was divided into sixteenparts, and then 3% salt of sodium chloride was added into each. The first part of skim milk (control) coagulated by adding 4mlrennet/liter, while the other fifteen lots of skim milk were turned into cheese by using 4ml rennet/liter andyoghurt starter group (Y),Bifidobacteria starter group (B) andthemixture of them (Y+B) in different proportions. This trial was repeated three times. Acidity, moisture, salt, total protein (TP), soluble nitrogen (SN) and fat content were measured at fresh, 7, 15,21 and 30 days of storage.The obtained data showed that group (Y)recorded higher acidity levels than group B. Using a mixture of yoghurt starter,and Bifidobacterialed to raise the acidity.group (B) cheese maintained the highest moisture values during the storage period as compared with group (Y) and group (Y+B). group (Y) recorded higher TP and SN as compared with other groups, the type or percentage of the starter had no direct effect on the fat content and salt content of cheese. The effect is mainly on the TS of the cheese.
A field trial was carried out during 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 seasons at the Experimental Farm of Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University to study the effect of foliar humic acid application at the concentrations of 0 (control), 200 and 400 ppm three times, monthly interval on growth, fruit yield, and essential oil yield and its composition of caraway (Carum carvi L.) plant. The results indicated that humic acid treatments improved the vegetative growth characteristics (plant height, branch number per plant and plant dry weight), fruit measurements (umbel number, 1000-seed weight and seed yield) and essential oil parameters (oil percentage, oil yield and oil constituents) in comparison with control plant (without humic acid). However, a rate of 400 ppm was more effective than the level of 200 ppm in this regard. Seeds of plants received 400 ppm showed the highest contents of total proein, total carbohydrates, total phenolics, ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and thiamine (vitamin B1). In contrast, these seeds contained the lowest levels of nitrate and nitrite. These findings were closely correlated with increasing 1000-seed weight showing better quality. Chemical analysis of caraway leaves cleared that the maximum contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and pigment were occurred by humic acid at 400 ppm resulting in significant increases compared to 200 ppm level in most cases. It was found a positive relationship between the highest contents of leaf N, P and K and the improvement of vegetative growth and fruit characteristics, consequently increase of seed production. The gas liquid chromatography (GLC) analysis of the essential oil showed the presence of two main components, carvone and limonene. The highest carvone (40.58%) and the lowest limonene (13.51%) were obtained by humic acid at 400 ppm, meanwhile the control showed the reverse trend; the lowest carvone (18.86%) and the highest limonene (23.60%). The level of 200 ppm showed intermediate contents. The quality of caraway seeds is considered to correlate with carvone/limonene ratio; the higher ratio expressed as better-quality. Accordingly, the best treatment achieved the highest ratio (3.0). It was observed a direct relationship among the increases of seed yield, essential oil and their qualities.
Mycobiota and mycotoxins associated with wheat grains and some of its products intended for human consumption in Upper Egypt, such as wheat flour, kishk,shamsy bread, Burgholand biscuitshave been investigated.The obtained results indicated that all the studied products showed various levels of fungal contamination specially wheat flour, whichwas highly contaminated, followed by wheat burghol. Many species belonging to several genera of fungi were isolated from all the studied products. Aspergillus was the most predominant genus followed by Penicillium. Aflatoxin B1detected in 40% of burgholsamples and 20% of wheat grains and kishk samples. Sterigmatocystindetected in 40 % of wheat grain samples, meanwhile zearalinoneoccurred in 20% of wheat flour samples.
Seven field experiments were carried out at Dahsavillage, Farshout district, Qena governorate, Egypt,2019 season to evaluatethe damage caused byhooded crow, Corvus corone sardonius on seven cultivars of maize (Zea mays L.). The cultivars were Watania 4, Watania 6, Watania 11,Watania 310,Hytech 2055, Hytech 2066 and Balady.Theresults revealed that the highest losswas recordedinBalady cultivar (7.17%),followed bysingle cross Hytech 2055 and S. C. Hytech 2066 (2.50 and 2.17%) as yellow seeds of maize. Moderate loss was recorded in three way crossWatania 11 andT. W. Watania 310(1.83 and 1.33%) as white seeds of maize. While the lowest loss was recorded in S. C. Watania 6 and S.C.Watania 4 (0.17 and 0.67%) aswhite seeds of maize.Generally, the highest loss was recorded in maize cultivars of yellow seeds. While, the lowest loss was recorded in maize cultivars of white seeds. So, the yellow cultivars may be preferable for cultivation than white cultivars maize, besides the high oil in yellow cultivars of maize.
In vitro Performance of Two Banana Cultivars Under Copper Stress /
قطاع الدراسات الزراعية / General
تخصص البحث : General
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences / / Vol. 51, no. 2 - July 2020
تاريخ تقديم البحث 06/10/2020
تاريخ قبول البحث 03/11/2020
عدد صفحات البحث 12
يوسف خيرى انور( ajas@aun.edu.eg - 01226313930 ) - مؤلف رئيسي
Musa, Environmental pollution, In vitro screening, Heavy metals
Environmental pollution is one of the most issues directly or indirectly affecting human life. Heavy metals are considered as the most environmental pollutants affecting plant growth and productivity. Thus, herein the toxicity of copper on in vitro growth and development of two banana commercial cultivars i.e. ‘Grand Nain’ and ‘Williams-Zeef’ was assessed. Six concentrations of cupric sulfate were used in banana proliferation medium, i.e. 0, 100, 200, 500, 1000 and 1500ppm. Results clearly showed the harmful effect of copper on banana performance reflected by a significant reduction in survival rate, leaf number, fresh and dry weights as well as a complete inhibition of root formation at higher concentrations. Furthermore, excess of copper was able to reduce photosynthetic pigments contents (chlorophyll-A, -B and carotenoids). The two banana cultivars were affected differently under copper levels. In general, ‘Williams-Zeef’ was more tolerant than ‘Grand Nain’ as exposed by less reduction in both morphological and physiological characteristics.In vitro screening protocol used in this investigation was easy, simple, inexpensive and reduces time and space which are regularly needed to achieve such tasks. With which it was easily to figure out the harmful effect of copper and clearly differentiate between the tested banana cultivars. The results of this study could help in banana improvement by selecting the proper genotypes to be used in copper-contaminated soils, after increasing the number of screened cultivars.
Four different rice straw substrate volumes (0.5, 1, 2 and 5 kgs) were as-sessed for cultivation of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). The mushroom grown in 2 kgs substrate volume exhibited the highest biological efficiency and produced the highest fruiting bodies yield. This treatment gave the greatest average weight for the whole fruiting body and for the fruiting body cap. However, mushroom grown in 1 kg substrate volume was earlier than 2 kgs volume to colonize. Both treatments were statistically alike concerning days lapsed to harvest the fruiting bodies, the diameter of the fruiting bodies and the weight and the length of the stem. Further, the mushroom in these treatments de-graded the least amount of substrate as shown by both the colonized substrate and spent weight while producing high fruiting bodies yield. Thus a more efficient bioconversion is suggested for the mushroom grown in 1 or 2 kgs substrate. The overall data, however, propose the production of the oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) in substrate media of 2 kgs volume.
Efficiency Endicators are the Most Important Determinants of Eco-nomic Growth in the Agricultural Sector /
قطاع الدراسات الزراعية / General
تخصص البحث : General
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences / / Vol. 51, no. 2 - July 2020
تاريخ تقديم البحث 06/10/2020
تاريخ قبول البحث 03/11/2020
عدد صفحات البحث 16
يوسف خيرى انور( ajas@aun.edu.eg - 01226313930 ) - مؤلف رئيسي
fficiency indicators of agricultural investment; indicators of efficiency of agricultural foreign trade; indicators of agricultural labor efficiency; economic growth
Egypt seeks to achieve development in the agricultural sector within its development plans that includes increasing production, raising the levels of self-sufficiency and achieving a surplus of goods that have a comparative advantage, through agricultural development strategies that started since the early eighties, the strategy of the nineties and the strategy of agricultural development (2009-2030) To complete the strategy of 2004-2017, however, the leading role of agriculture in economic development has declined in the last quarter of a century, as the contribution of agricultural output to the national product decreased from about 22.52% in 1998 to about 16.55% in 2000 then To about 11.49% in 2017, which indicates the decline in the role of the agricultural sector and that the reform policy package in the agricultural sector did not achieve the desired results from it. Therefore, the research aimed to identify the efficiency of the development performance of the agricultural sector during the period (1998-2017), through studying the development The economic growth rate of the agricultural sector in Egypt, estimation of indicators of the efficiency of both agricultural investments, agricultural foreign trade, agricultural labor force.
Study of Some Production and Marketing Problems that Facing Date Palm Farms in the New Valley Governorate /
قطاع الدراسات الزراعية / General
تخصص البحث : General
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences / / Vol. 51, no. 2 - July 2020
تاريخ تقديم البحث 06/10/2020
تاريخ قبول البحث 03/11/2020
عدد صفحات البحث 11
يوسف خيرى انور( ajas@aun.edu.eg - 01226313930 ) - مؤلف رئيسي
Production problems; date palm; New Valley
This research was aim to treat, examine and analysis of the main production and marketing problems of dates in the New Valley Governorate. Research work may be useful to show how to solve and relif such problems and difficulties in order to increase the date palm output and productivity, reducing production cost, improving marketing conditions and increasing farm revenue for agricultural producers of the date palm.
The food issue is one of the most important strategic issues of concern to Egypt, which strives to increase the rates of self-sufficiency, reduce the food gap and achieve food security from agricultural and animal commodities. And the research aims to study and analyze the productive and consumption capacities of livestock, poultry and fish and their repercussions in an attempt to achieve food security in Egypt. The research results showed that the percentage of self-sufficiency in total meat decreased annually by about 0.75%, from red meat annually by about 1.11%, and from white meat by about 0.42%. While the percentage of self-sufficiency in Milk & Dairy Production increased annually by about 0.63%. Egypt relied on abroad to meet its needs of total meat by about 12,08%, about 20.22% of red meat, about 2.18% of white meat, about 17.62% of fish, about 0.08% of eggs, and about 19.54% of Milk and dairy Production.
The Problems Facing Workers in the Rural Health Units in Assiut Governorate /
قطاع الدراسات الزراعية / General
تخصص البحث : General
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences / / Vol. 51, no. 2 - July 2020
تاريخ تقديم البحث 06/10/2020
تاريخ قبول البحث 03/11/2020
عدد صفحات البحث 13
يوسف خيرى انور( ajas@aun.edu.eg - 01226313930 ) - مؤلف رئيسي
Health problems; health units; the countryside and Assiut Governorate
The health sector is receiving increased attention and care because it is one of the main areas of human development in particular and the development path of the country in general, and despite this the health situation in the Egyptian countryside is characterized by two very dangerous features; lack of ways to prevent disease and the inability to treatment. We noted the low level of central hospitals and the inefficiency of health units in the Egyptian villages. Therefore, the objectives of this research were to identify the material and human capabilities in the rural health units in the study villages, and to identify the most important difficulties and problems facing the rural health units, and to identify the most important proposals to improve health services in rural health units. To achieve these goals, the governorate was divided geographically into north, south, east, west and central, and a center was chosen from each direction in a random manner, and from those centers a random village was chosen from each center, then a health unit was chosen from each of the selected villages. The data was collected using a questionnaire form from the workers in these units (doctors- nurses- administrators- workers).
Contribution of Some Governmental Organizations in the Economic Empowerment of Rural Women in Sohag Governorate /
قطاع الدراسات الزراعية / General
تخصص البحث : General
Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences / / Vol. 51, no. 2 - July 2020
تاريخ تقديم البحث 06/10/2020
تاريخ قبول البحث 03/11/2020
عدد صفحات البحث 20
يوسف خيرى انور( ajas@aun.edu.eg - 01226313930 ) - مؤلف رئيسي
Governmental organizations; economic empowerment; rural women
The research aimed to determine the level of governmental organizations contribution to the economic empowerment of rural women in Sohag governorate, identify the most important problems facing rural women when dealing with studied governmental organizations ,identify the most proposals of rural women to face these problems. The research was conducted in Sohag governorate, five administrative centers geographically distributed at the governorate level chosen it is center of Tama, Akhmim, Elmonshaat, Sohag and Juhaina Villages was chosen from each center randomly. The comprehensive research was identified by selecting all women benefiting from the governmental organizations, namely Egyptian Agricultural Bank, Social Unit and the National council for women, the number of female respondents was 250 Data was collected use a questionnaire collected a personal interview with the respondents, the data analysis using the frequencies, percentages. The results showed the level of contribution of the studies governmental organizations in economic empowerment of rural women low level and the proportion of female respondents into the low (52,8%) of total female respondents, and the proportion of the medium level (36,8%), and the proportion of the high level (10,4%). As for the most problem facing the respondents during their dealing with the studies governmental organizations where the complexity of the procedures during the progress of the respondents benefit from the services and activities studies governmental organizations (32%) of the total female respondents, followed by the problem the information not reaching to the rural women quickly (26,4%) of the total female respondents, As for the most proposal to solve the problems the procedures facilitated by (40,4%), followed by a proposal to communicate information quickly with a rate of (25,2%).
جميع البيانات التي يتم تسجيلها على النظام هي ملك للجهة صاحبة هذه البيانات
لا يتم الاطلاع على هذه البيانات من قبل مهندسي المركز إلا للضرورة القصوى ولغرض الدعم الفني وبالاتفاق مع الجهة صاحبة البيانات شفوياً أو كتابياً
لا يتم إعطاء أي بيان من بيانات النظام لأي فرد او جهة فرعية تنتمي للجهة صاحبة البيانات او لأي جهة أخرى إلا بموافقة كتابية من الجهة صاحبة البيانات
يمكن استخدام البيانات المسجلة على النظام بهدف عمل إحصائيات يستفاد منها فى قياس اداء النظام وكفاءة استخدامه من قبل مستخدميه
يتم تأمين جميع البيانات الخاصة بالنظام من خلال تأمين الحاسب الخادم الذي يستضيف البيانات ومن خلال تأمين انتقال البيانات بين جهاز المستخدم والحاسب الخادم وكذلك تأمين واجهة النظام التي يستخدمها المستخدم
كل مستخدم للنظام مسئول مسئولية كاملة عن كلمة المرور الخاصة به وعليه اتخاذ كافة الاحتياطات الممكنة حتى لا يستطيع أى شخص آخر الحصول عليها
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