Search In this Thesis
   Search In this Thesis  
العنوان
INFLUENCE OF FERTILIZER RATES ON VEGETATIVE GROWTH AND MINERAL CONTENT OF VALENCIA ORANGE SEEDLINGS UNDER DIFFERENT IRRIGATION WATER PH LEVELS \
المؤلف
MOHAMED, RASHA ARAFA ANWAR.
هيئة الاعداد
باحث / رشا عرفه انور محمد
مشرف / سماح ابراهيم نصر
مشرف / عبد الرحمن محمد عبد الرحمن
مناقش / سحر محمد عبد الوهاب
تاريخ النشر
2021.
عدد الصفحات
179 p. :
اللغة
الإنجليزية
الدرجة
الدكتوراه
التخصص
البساتين
تاريخ الإجازة
1/1/2021
مكان الإجازة
جامعة عين شمس - كلية الزراعة - المناطق القاحلة
الفهرس
Only 14 pages are availabe for public view

from 179

from 179

Abstract

This experiment was carried out under green house at the Hort. Res. Inst. (HRI) garden - Giza- Egypt, during two successive seasons during both studied seasons (2017&2018)respect.,. Sour orange(C. aurantum)”SO” andVolkamerlemon (C. volkamariana) “VL” rootstocks seedlings were uniformity selected as possible in growth and free from any apparent infection. Its grown in black plastic bags (4–5 L.) in size, filled with a mixture(4:1v/v)of sand and compost (animal manures+ straw1: 1”v/v”), both compost and water irrigation were analyzed at the beginning of the experiments. Also, growing media was analyzed before and the end of experimental periods.Stock seedlings were graftedwith Valencia orange scions under plastic house during May. After one month from propagation stage, successful grafting seedlings were moved to net house and routinely subjected to the same nursery practices managements for about 8 months. Experimental treatments were applied at the 1st week of March for both studied seasons. This investigation was designed and carried out to evaluate the effect of some Nitrogen fertilizer rates on Valencia orange seedlings irrigated with different water pH levelson seedlings: vegetative growth, physiological performance and chemical contents .
Experimental technique was employed as follows:
A) Citrus rootstocks: Sour orange (SO) and Volkamariana (VL).
B) Nitrogen doses:
1- 50% of nursery N applications ”B1”.
2- 75%of nursery N applications ”B2”.
3-100% of N nursery applications, as Agri. Ministry protocol for nursery fertilization (the cont.)”B3”.
C) Irrigation water PH treatments as follows:
1. Source of Irrigation water “well water,pH 7.80” without adjusting (as a cont.)”C1”.
2. Irrigation water at pH5”C2”.
3. Irrigation water at pH7”C3”.
4. Irrigation water at pH9”C4”
Experimental design:
This investigation was planned out as a factorial experiment in a complete randomized block design with 3 replications.
Statistical analysis:
Present data was collected and analyzed according to Snedecor and Cochran (1980). Significant differences among the means of various treatments were established by L.S.D at 5% level of probability. Data were analyzed by MSTAT-Cand tabulated and represented graphically by Excel program where appropriate.
The obtained results could be summarized as follows:
As for Valencia orange seedlings budded on both sour orange “ SO” or volkamer lemon “VL” citrus rootstocks effectiveness by different fertilizer rates and irrigated with water at different PH levels as , divided to 3 main topics as follows :
1-Vegetative growth parameters :
Data presented illustrated that, as for the stock type ; fertilizer rates and water irrigation pH interaction effect:
• Seedling height (cm).
- Valencia orange seedlings on VL stock significantly gave higher seedlings height than on SO stock for both season.
- N at B2 (75%) dose significantly gave the highest seedlings height for both SO &VL stocks, whereas N dose at B1(50%) was the lowest during the two studied seasons.
- WipH7 (C3) in the 1st season and pH5(C2) in the 2nd season significantly increased Valencia orange seedlings height on both SO or VL stocks , while,wipH9(C4)significantly gave the lowest seedlings height for the two seasons .
Valencia orange seedlings on VL stockwith B2(75%)plusWipH7 significantly gave the highest Valencia orange seedlings height.On the other hand,SO stock with B3 (100%) plus WipH7 was the lowest for both seasons.
• Seedling stem diameter
- Both SO or VL stockshave insignificant differences with this respect during the two seasons.
- N application at B1(50%)or B2(75%) significantly gave the highest seedlingsstem dia. for both SO or VL stocks. While, at B3 dose (100%) was the lowest during the two studied seasons
- Wi:C1”cont.”; C2”pH5” or C3”pH7” hadinsignificant effect of seedlings stem dia. for both studied stocks , while, WipH9 was the lowest for both seasons .
- N at B1(50%) or B2(75 %) dose plus Wi.pH7 significantly increased Valencia orange seedlings stem dia., for both stocks , while N % with pH7 or 9 was the lowest during the two seasons.
• Seedling nu.of branches / seedling
- With this respect,seedlings grafted onVL stock statistically was higherthan which onSO.
- N at B1(50%)or B2 (75%) dose significantlygave the highest nu.shoots/seedling for both stocks.Whereas, N at B3(100%)dose was the lowest.
- WipH5(C2)or pH7(C3) gave the highest nu.Shoots/seedlingsfor both stocks.While,wipH9 was the lowest.
- Valencia orange seedlings on VL significantly gave the highest nu. shoots / seedling under both B1or B2 dose with WipH7. Whereas, N at B3(100%) plus WipH9Was the lowest for bothstocks during the two seasons .
• Nu. leaves / seedling
- Valencia orange seedlings on VL stock significantly gave nu.leaves/seedlinghigher than which on SO stock.
- Nat B2 (75%) dose significantly increased nu. leaves /seedling for both stocks .Whereas, N at B3(100%) dose (the cont.)was the lowest during studied seasons.
- WiPH7(C3) or pH5 (C2) significantly increased both stocks nu. leaves / seedling,while,pH9(C4)was lowest .
- N B1(50%) or B2(75%) dose plus WipH7 significantly gave the highest nu. leaves/ seedling on VL stock .In contrary, N B2 (75%) dose plus WipH9 was the lowest for both seasons.
• leaf area (cm2)
- With this respect, both VLor SO stocks did not show any significant differences during the two seasons.
- N B1 (50%) orB2 (75%)dose significantly gave a high Valencia orange seedlings leaf area for both stocks, in compared to N B3(100%) dose (the cont.) was the lowest during the two studied seasons.
- WipH7 (C2) in the 1st season and Wi:pH5 or pH7 in the 2nd seasonsignificantly increased SO or VL stocks seedlings leaf area.Whereas,wipH9 (C4) statistically reduced seedling leaf area for both stocks during the two seasons.
- Valencia orange seedlings on VL stock significantly gave the highest leaf areawith B1(50%)plus wi pH5or wipH7 for both seasons.
• Root length
- Valencia orange seedlings onVL stock have statistically root length higherthan SO stock during the two seasons .
- In spite ofN at B1 (50%)or B2(75%)dose significantly increased SO stock root length, but which on VL stock had insignificant effect on root length for both seasons .While B3(100% “cont.”) was the lowestduring the two seasons.
- WipH5 (C2) or pH7 (C3) significantly increased Valencia seedlings root length for both stocks, but wipH9 (C4) was the lowest for the two seasons.
- Valencia orange seedlings fertilized with N atB1(50%) or B2(75%) dose plusWipH7 significantly gave highest root length for both stocks during the two seasons . And B3(100%) plus pH7 or 9 was the lowest.
• Root width
- Valencia orange seedlings onVL stock significantly had higher root width than SO stock for both seasons.
- N applications at B1 (50%) or B2 (75%) significantly increased seedlings root width for both stocks during the two seasons . In contrast, VL stock significantly had the lowest values of root width under dose B3(100%) in the 1st season and insignificant effect in the 2nd season.
- -WipH5 (C2) or pH7 ( C3) significantly increased seedling root width on both studied stocks (SO or VL). While wipH9(C4) was lowest for the two seasons.
- Valencia orange seedlings on both SO or VL citrus stocks , with N at B1(50%) or B2 (75%) and irrigated with Wi pH7 significantly gave the highest root width.In contrary,Napplication atB1(50%) dose plus WipH9 was the lowest during the two seasons.
2-Physiological Parameters:
• Leaf chl.a content
- Valencia orange seedlings on VL stock were statistically richest in leaf Chl.a in compared to on SO ones during both seasons.
- -N at B2 (75%) dose significantly gave the highest leaf Chl.a content for both SO & VL stocks , while B3 dose was the lowest during the two studied seasons.
- WipH5 (C2) in the 1st seasonand pH7 (C3) in the 2nd season significantly gave the highest leaf Chl.a content for both stocks, whereas,pH9 (C4) was the lowestfor the two seasons .
- Both SO with B1 or VL with B2(75%) doseplus WipH7 (C3) significantly gave the highest Chl.a, while ,B3 dose plus WipH7 was the lowest during the two seasons.
• leaf chl.b content
- Valencia orange seedlings onVL stock had significantly higher Chl.b than SO in both seasons.
- N application at B1(50%) or B2(75%) dosesignificant had the highest Valencia orange seedlings leaf Chl.b on the two studied stocks,while B3(100%) dose was the lowest for both seasons.
- Valencia orange seedling on bothstocks had insignificant effect of leaves chl.b at Wi.pH5(C2) or pH7(C3) in compared to the cont.Also, wi.pH9 (C4) significantly reduced leaf chl.b when compared to the control (C1) for both seasons.
- Significantly greatest Valencia orange seedlings leaves Chl.b content for both SO or VL stocks was at N application B1(50%) or B2(75%) with WipH7.Whereas, B3 (100%) dose with WipH9 (C4) was the lowest Chl. b when compared to the control during the tow experimental seasons.
• leaf carbohydrate content
- Valencia orange seedlings on VL stock significantly have leaf carbohydrates % higher than SO for both seasons.
- -N application atB1 (50%) dose or B2 (75%) significantly gave the highest Valencia orange seedlings leaf carbohydrate during the two seasons. While, B3 (100 %) dose was the lowest in both seasons .
- WipH7(C3) gave the highest Valencia orange seedlings leaf carbohydrate leaf in the 1st season and WipH5(C2) or pH7(C3) in the 2nd season . While , wipH9(C4)was the lowest.
- Valencia orange seedlings on SO or VL stocks withwi.pH5 (C2) or pH7 (C3) significantly gave a high values of leaf carbohydrates. While, both stocks plus N at B1(50%) irrigated with Wi pH9 was the lowest for both seasons.
3-Chemical constituents:
A) Macro- elements:
1- Leaf Macro- elements content
• N % :
- Valencia orange seedlings on VL stock significantly had leaves N% higher than SO stock in the 1st season, while both of them did not show any significant differences in the 2nd season .
- N application at B1(50%) or B2 ( 75 %) significantly increased Valencia orange seedling leaves N % for both SO or VL stocks .While,B3 (100%) was the lowest during the two studied seasons .
- WipHcont. (C1); pH5 (C2) and pH7( C3) significantly increased leaves N content ,whereas,pH9 (C4) was the lowestfor both seasons .
-Valencia orange seedless on SO or VL stocks with N at B1 or B2 applications plus Wi. pH7 significantly increased leaf N% content in both studied seasons. While , both stocks plus B3 N dose with Wi. pH7was the lowest during the two seasons.
• P % :
- With this respect ,Valencia orange seedlings on VL statistically gave leaf P higherthanSO stock in the two studied seasons
- Both B1(50%)or B2 (75%)applications significantly gave the highest P %for SO stock ,while B3(100%) dose was the lowest for both seasons. In contrary, Valencia orange seedlings on VLstock did not show any significant differences of P% under all fertilizer doses during the two seasons.
- WipH5(C2)or pH7 (C3) gave the highest leafP, whereas, pH9(C4) was the lowest for both stocks during the two seasons.
- N applications at B1(50%) or B2 (75 %) plus Wi.pH7 gave the greatest leaf P contents.Whereas, B3(100%) with Wi. pH7 was the lowest during the tow experimental seasons .
• K% :
- Valencia orange seedlings on VL stock significantly gave the highest leaf K in compared to SO stock for both seasons.
- N at B2 (75%) dose significantly increased leaf K for both SO or VL stocks,while, B3(100%) dosewas the lowest during the two studied seasons .
- WipH5 (C2) significantly increased Valencia orange seedlings on both stocks leaf K contentfor both seasonsand wipH7 ( C3) in the 1st season only.Additionally,wipH9 (C4) was the lowest for the two seasons.
- Valencia orange seedlings on both SO or VL stocks at B1(50%) or B2 (75%) dose plus wipH7 gave the highest leaf Kcontents. While, all of them plus wi.pH9were the lowest.
• Ca % :
- Valencia orange seedlings on VL stock significantly have the richest leaf Ca content in compared to SO stock during the two seasons .
- N at B1 ( 50 %) dose gave the highest leaf Ca for SO stock and B2(75%) for VL stock with significant differences of the other fertilizer doses , while,B3 treatment was the lowest for both seasons
- -WipHcont. (C1) or pH5 (C2) or pH7 ( C3) significantly increased the studied Valencia orange seedling leaf Ca for both stocks during the two studied seasons , and wipH9 (C4) was the lowest during the 2nd season.
- Valencia orange seedlings on either SO or VOL stocks at B1(50%) or B2(75%) dose withwi. pH7 significantly increased leaf Ca content.When compared to all doses plus wi.pH9was the lowest during the two studied seasons.
• Mg%
- Valencia orange seedlings on VL stock significantly had higher leaf Mg than SO stock in both seasons.
- N application at B1 (50%) or B2 (75%)dose significant gave the highest Mg valuesin seedlings leaves forSO stock.While the B3 (100%) was the lowest,additionally, there were insignificant effect for all N doses with VL stock for both seasons.
- Wi pH5 (C2) or pH7 ( C3) significantly increased leaf Mg % content , wipH9 (C4) was the lowest for both stocks during the two seasons.
- Therefore,the greatest leaf Mg content significantly related to SO or VL stocks with B1 or B2 doses and wi.pH7 (C3).Moreover, both stocks plus wi.pH9 (C4) was the lowest for both seasons.
2- Root Macro -elements contents :
• N % :
- Seedlings onVL stock significantly had root N content higher than SO for two seasons.
- Napplication at both B1(50%) or B2 ( 75 %) dosein the 1st season and B2 ( 75 %) in the 2nd season significantly increased seedling roots N content for both stocks, while,B3 (100%) (the cont. ) was the lowest during the two studied seasons .
- WipH5 (C2) or pH7 ( C3) significantly increased roots N content in the two stocks , while,wi pH9 (C4) was the lowest for both seasons .
- Generally, both citrus stocks with N applications at B1 or B2 dose with wi.pH7 significantly increased root N content, in contrary, both stocks with B3plus wi.pH7was the lowestin both studied seasons.
• P % :
- With this respect, Seedlings onVL stock statistically gave the highest root P values in compared to SO stock in the two seasons.
- N application at B2 dose significant gave the highest root P content, while, B3 dose was the lowest for both seasons.
- Wi. pH cont ,or (C2) or pH7 (C3)significantly increased seedling roots P content for both stocks , but wi.pH9 (C4) was the lowest in the two seasons
- N application at B1or B2 dose with wi.pH cont ,(C2) orpH7(C3)significantly increased seedling roots P content for both stocks , but the same N rates with wi.pH9 (C4) was the lowest in the two seasons.
• K %
- Seedlings on both SO or VL stocks did not show any significant differences in root K content during the two seasons .
- Seedlings on SO stock withN application at B1 (50%) or B2 (75%) significantly had root K content in compared to the control treatment (100 %) , while, which on VL stocks did not show any significant differences in K% content with other N doses for the two seasons.
- WipH”cont.” (C1) or pH5 (C2) significantly increased seedlings root K content on both stocks SO or Vol in the 1st season , in addition,wipH7 ( C3) in the 2nd season .In contrary, wipH9 (C4) significantly reduced seedling root K content for both stocks during the two seasons.
- Seedlings on SO stock plus B1 or B2 N application dose with wi. pH cont. or 5 or 7 significantly increased root K content and with insignificant effect for VL stock for N rates with wi. pH7, in compared to B3 dose plus wipH7or 9 were the lowest.during the two experimental seasons .
• Ca % :
- Seedlings on VL stock significantly gave the richest root Ca contents in compared to SO stock for the two seasons.
- N applications at B1(50%) or B2 (75%) significantly increased seedling root Ca contentsfor SO stock ,in compared to N at B3 (100%) were the lowest. On the other hand, seedlings on VL stock have insignificant differences in Ca contentunder three N doses applications during the two experimental seasons.
- Both wi:pHcont. (C1) or pH5 (C2) or pH7 (C3) significantly increased the studied stocks seedling root Ca content, while, Wi.pH9 (C4) was lowest for two seasons.
- WipH5 (C2)gave the highestroot Ca content in the 1st season, and i Wi pH7 (C3)the 2nd season.
- Seedlings on VL stocks with pH7 (C3) gave the highest values of root Ca for the two seasons.
- Seedlings on VL or SO stocks at B1 or B2 dose with wipH7 significantly was the highest , while,SO stock plus B1 dose with wi.pH9 was the lowest. for both season.
• Mg% :
- Seedlings on VL stock had significantly higher root Mg than SO in both seasons.
- In spite of , Seedlings on SO stock with (B2) significantly increased root Mg contents during the two seasons ,While, which on VL stock with all N doses did not show any significant differences in root Mg in the 1st season and B1 or B2 in the 2nd season .
- Wi.pHcont. (C1) or pH5 (C2) and pH7 (C3) significantly increased both stocks root Mg content but , wi.pH9 ( C4) was the lowest for the two seasons.
- Finally, the greatest seedlings root Mg content had significantly in concomitant withboth stocksat (B1) and (B2) dose plus wi. pH7during the two seasons . Whereas, N at B3(100%)plus wi pH7 (C3) was the lowest during the two experimental seasons .
B) Micro-elements :
1- Leaf micro- elements contents (ppm):
• Fe (ppm)
- Valencia orange seedlings on VL stock significantly had leaves Fe higher than SO stock for both seasons.
- N atB2 (75 %) dose significantly increased seedling leaves Fe for both SO or VL stocks, while, B3 (100%) was the lowest during the two studied seasons.
- Wi.pH5 (C2) or 7 (C3) significantly increased seedlings leaves Fe content in compared to wi.pH9 (C4) which was the lowest for both stocks during the two seasons.
- Both citrus SO or VL stocks at B1 or B2 dose with wi.pH5 or pH7 significantly increased leaf Fe content . While, which with wipH7 and at B3 (100%) was the lowest for both studied seasons.
• Zn (ppm)
- Valencia orange seedlings on VL stock significantly had leaf Zn higher than SO stock during the two seasons.
- Seedlings on SO stock with B2 dose was the highest leaf Zn content, whereas, which was on VL stock did not show any significant differences plus the three fertilizer doses during the two seasons.
- Seedlings onSO stock with pH cont.or 5 significantly gave the highest leaf Zn content for both seasons. Moreover , which onVL stock was promising in leaf Zn content with Wi.pH7 during the two seasons
- Seedlings on both SO or VOL stocks , with B1(50 %) or B2 (75 %) doses plus Wi.pH7 significantly gave the highest leaf Zn contents.While ,at B3(100%) dose with Wi.pH9was the lowest for both seasons .
• Mn (ppm)
- Seedlings on SO stock haveleaf Mn content higher than which on the VL stock for both seasons.
- seedlings on SO stock at N (B2) statistically gave the highest leaf Mn contents ,while, seedlings on VL stock did not show any responsibility to any N application in dose on leaf Mn content for both seasons.
- -Wi.pH7 had with significant differences the highest seedlingsleaf Mn for both SO or VLduring the two seasons.
- Seedlings on both citrus stock atB1 (50%) orB2 (75%) dose with Wi.pH7 significantly gave the highest leaf Mn values. While, B3 (100%)dose plus Wi.pH9 was the lowest.
• Cu (ppm)
- Seedlings on SO or VL stocks did not show any significant differences in the 1stseason . While, which on VL significantly had leaf Cu higher than SO content in the 2nd season.
- Seedlings at doses 50% (B1) and 75 % (B2) significantly increased leaf Cu content, while, 100% (B3) dose (the cont. ) was the lowest in the 1st season.But all N doses did not show any significant differences in the 2nd season.
- Wi. pH cont. (C1) or pH5 ( C2) or pH7 (C3) significantly increased seedlings leaves Cu contents in compared to wi.pH9 (C4) was the lowest for both seasons .
- Seedlings on both stocks at 50% (B1) or 75% (B2) N dose with Wi.pH7 significantly had a high leaf Cu content ,while, which with Wi.pH7plus B3 (100% ) was the lowest during the two seasons.
• B (ppm):
- Seedlings on both SO or VL stocks did not show any significant differences in leaf B content in the 1st season. While, which on VL stock significantly had B higher than SO stock in the 2nd season .
- Seedlings on both stocks at 50% (B1) or 75% (B2)N doses significant gave the highest leaf B content,while, which at 100% (B3) N dose was the lowest for both seasons .
- -Seedlings on both stocks with wi. pH5 (C2) significantly increased leaf B contents , while, wi. pH9 (C4) was the lowest for the two seasons.
- Generally,the greatest with significant effect on seedlings leaf B content was in concomitant to VL or SO stocks were at B1 or B2 plus Wi. pH7 ,whereas, B3 dose plus Wi. pH7 (C3) was the lowest for both experimental seasons.
2- Root Micro-Elements contents :
• Fe (ppm)
- Seedlings onVL stock significantly had root Fe content higher than SO stock in both seasons.
- Seedlings on SO stock at B1 or B2 gave the highest root Fe contents ,while, which on VL stock did not show any significant differences for all N doses during the two seasons.
- Wi.pH5 (C2) or pH7 (C3) significantly increased root Fe, whereas, wi. pH9 (C4) was the lowest for both stocks during the two seasons.
- Seedlings on both SO or VL atN B1 dose pluswi. pH7 significantly increased root Fe content ,in contrast, seedlings for both stocks with wi. pH7 plus B3 (100%) dose was the lowest during the two seasons.
• Zn (ppm)
- Seedlings on VL stock significantly had root Zn higher than SO stock during the two seasons.
- In spite of, seedlings on SO stock with B2 dose gave the highest root Zn contents, but, VL stock did not show any significant differences in root zinc with three fertilizer doses during the two seasons.
- Wi. pH5 (C2) or pH7 (C3) significantly gave the highest root zinc content for both SO orVL stock.Whereas, wi.pH9 was the lowest during the two seasons.
- N at B1 (50%) or B2 (75%) dosewith pH7 gave the highest seedlings root zinc content. While, B3 (100%) dose pluswi. pH7 was the lowest for both studied seasons .
• Mn (ppm) :
- Seedlings on VL stock significantly had root Mn content higher than SO stock in both seasons.
- Seedlings on SO stock with B1 or B2 gave the highest root Mn values in the 1st season , and with B2 in the 2nd season.Whereas, which on VL stock did not show any significant differences in seedlings roots Mn with all N doses under this study for both seasons.
- Seedlings on SO stock plus wi. pH cont. (C1) or pH5 (C2) or pH7 (C3) gave the highest root Mn content in the 1st season and plus pH7 (C3) in the 2nd season. On the other hand , which on VL stock plus wi. pH7 (C3) was the highest during the two seasons.
- N application at dose B1(50%) or B2 (75%) with wi. pH7 gave the highest root Mn content , while at B3 (100%) plus wi. pH7was the lowest for both stocks during the two studied seasons.
Cu (ppm):
- Seedlings on VL stock significantly had roots Cu higher than which on SO stock during the two seasons.
- N at B1 (50%) or B2 ( 75 %) dose significantly increased seedling root Cu for the two seasons.
- Wi. pH5 (C2) or Wi.pH7 (C3) significantly increased roots Cu content , while, wi pH9(C4) was the lowest for both seasons.
- Seedlings SO stock had with significant differences a high root Cu content with Wi. pH cont. (C1) or pH5 (C2) or pH7 C3 in the 1st season , also, plus pH5 or pH7 in the 2nd season While, Seedlings on VL stock had with significant differences a high root Cu content with Wi. pH7 . Both stocks plus Wi. pH9was the lowest roots Cu content during the two seasons.
- Finally, Citrus stocks (SO or VL) with N at B1 or B2 doses plus wi.pH7 significantly increased root Cu content in both studied seasons.But which on both stocks with wi.pH7plus B3 (100%) dose was the lowest.
• B (ppm)
- Seedlings on both SO or VL stocks did not show any significant differences in root B content in the 1st season,but, which on VL stock was significantly higher in root B content than SO stock in the 2nd season.
- N applications atB1 (50%) or B2 (75%)dose significantly gave a highest root B values, while,B3 (100%) dose was the lowest for both seasons.
- Wi.pH5 (C2) or pH7(C3) significantly increased root B content , but, wi.pH9 ( C4) was the lowest for the two seasons.
- The greatest root B content was significantly in concomitant to bothstocks plus (B1) or (B2) dose with wi. pH7,wheras,B3 (100%) plus wi.pH7 (C3) gave with significant effect the lowest born content during the two experimental seasons.
Generally
Valencia orange seedlings budded on both SO or VL citrus stocks and irrigated with water at pH9 significantly gave the lowest vegetative growth; physiological and chemical parameters under study values.
The conclusion
from these results it can be reducing of N rates for Valencia orange seedlings nutrient requirements from 100 % of Agri. Ministry Hort. Recommendations to 75% or 50 % under water irrigation pH level pH5 or pH7.