الفهرس 
Chapter 1 IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 109 |  |  |
| | | from | 109 | | |
Abstract
Nowadays, detection, identifying, tracking, and locating systems become indispensable due to the need for efficient inspecting tools to be used in a variety of applications such as: nondestructive testing and evaluation (NDT &E), structural health monitoring, detection of cancerous cells, concealed weapon detection at security check points, logistics , railways , maintenance and agriculture, etc. All these applications need the use of RFID technology. RFID has been categorized into three categories active, passive and semi passive. Also there are four types of frequency: low frequency (LF), high frequency (HF) ultra-high frequency (UHF) and also microwave RFID systems. Each type has its own strength, weakness and associated applications.
Collecting, connecting everything to each other, unique identifier and sharing data become essential these days as applications increase and technology arises. All of these can be done by using the technology of Internet of Things (IOT). With IOT, People have a more access to more data about their products, systems and can make great changes as a result. Efficiency and agility are the more benefits in this technology.
Due to applications that hasn’t planar shapes the need for non-planar antennas becomes essential. Conformal antenna appears. It has its advantages and disadvantages as any technology.
This thesis aims to design three single conformal tags with radiation in both direction to be suitable for several application. Also, design of UWB Vivaldi antenna with high gain to act as transmitter reader in RFID system application. The conformal antenna element has a pentagon shape. The Vivaldi antenna is made from rigid material. A detailed analysis is presented to study the tags in planar mode as well as in conformal mode. Two tags are put individually on different sizes of opaque tanks to measure the inner liquid level. Then, a system consisting of two tag antennas and a reader is presented experimentally to measure the liquid level detection application. The fabrication and measurement of the antenna system have been demonstrated.
The thesis presents another conformal antenna application in IOT which is agriculture system. A single tag and reader are used to measure the moisture content in soil. Then, the IoT system has been presented to regulate the soil water content. The data is sent wirelessly to a server. The measurements have been demonstrated. Good agreement between measurements and simulated system results at both RFID liquid tank level detection application and IOT agriculture soil moisture level detection application are achieved.
The simulation are done using CST microwave studio 2018 ready-made software package. While measurements are done using mainly vector network analyzer Agilent N9918A, Keysight N9918A, HP N9918A FieldFox Handheld RF & Microwave Combination Analyzer, 30 kHz - 26.5 GHz.