الفهرس 
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Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of ZAD probiotic product as antitoxin agents. Probiotic ZAD is a mixture of bacteria and exogenous enzymes in liquid formula prepared to supplement to ruminants diets. It contains anaerobic bacteria and mixture of enzymes as cellulase, xylanase, alpha amylase and protease in balanced effective formula. Probiotic ZAD product was compared to a commercial antitoxic product, T5X (mixture from different types of clays as well as vitamins produced by Neovia, vanes cedex, France and imported by Multivita animal nutrition company, Egypt).
Total of 48 Holstein-Frisian cows (120±3 Days in milk) in the first season of lactation and averaged 500 Kg body weight were used in this experiment. The animals were divided into three groups; the first, control group and it was fed on the farm basal diet. The second, ZAD group was fed basal diet supplemented with 1.1 liter of ZAD mixture/ton. The third group, T5X group was fed basal diet supplemented with T5X product 1.1 Kg/Ton. Cows were fed as a group feed with free access to clean water. The nutrient requirements for the experimental cows were calculated according to NRC, 2001.
Blood plasma parameters:
The results of this study indicated that using ZAD probiotic and T5X antitoxins didn’t have any significant (P>0.05) effects on blood serum parameters. It was noted that Globulin value was increased by both treatments than control one, leading to the same trend with total protein, however, the differences were not significant (P>0.05). Plasma urea-N concentration has insignificant (P>0.05) increase with using ZAD probiotic than control and T5X treatment. The same trend was noted with total lipid values which increased by treatments than control but this increase was not significant (P>0.05). Glucose concentration was slightly decreased by treatments but decreasing was not significant (P>0.05). For liver function enzymes, alanin aminotransferase (ALT) and aspertat aminotransferase (AST) were not significantly (P>0.05) affected by treatments, meaning that dairy animals were not negatively affected by using ZAD probiotic and T5X antitoxins agents.
Milk yield and composition:
The obtained results clearly indicated that milk yield was significantly (P<0.05) increased by ZAD treatment by 11.2%, 12.9% than control and T5X treatment, respectively, however, no significant (P>0.05) difference was shown between T5X treatment and control. Milk total solids yield, solids not fat yield, fat yield, protein yield and lactose yield were significantly (P<0.05) increased by ZAD probiotic treatment, however, it decreased significantly (P<0.05) by T5X treatment. Milk energy output (MJ/d) was, also, increased by ZAD probiotic treatment but it negatively affected by T5X treatment comparing to control and the differences were significant (P<0.05).
The antitoxins activity for probiotic ZAD and T5X antitoxins agent:
The obtained results clearly indicated that ZAD probiotic had a positive and significant (P>0.05) effect on both total aflatoxins. The concentration of total aflatoxins was significantly decreased by 32.6% and 24.1% for ZAD probiotic and T5X treatments, than control respectively. The same trend was shown for AFB1. The concentration of AFB1 was decreased by 50% and 26.6% for ZAD and T5X treatments than control, respectively. These results indicated that probiotic ZAD has break down properties for the animals feed mycotoxins. Also, the same effect confirmed for the T5X products which contains deactivated yeast and some kind of clays.
Reproduction performance:
The results of some reproductive performance parameters showed that the average required time from calving up to fertilize insemination was decreased by ZAD probiotic treatment, then T5X treatment than control but the differences were not significant (P>0.05). Whereas, the overall pregnancy rate was significantly (P<0.05) increased by antitoxins treatments than control. The highest value was achieved by ZAD probiotic treatment and it was 69.2% followed by T5X antitoxin treatment (53.8%).