الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Preconception health status before pregnancy is a decisive
factor for pregnancy outcomes and for the relative risk for
maternal as well as infant complications. Still, maternal health
care does not start until the pregnancy is well established and in
most low-income settings not until more than half of the
pregnancy has passed, which often is too late to impact
outcomes(Lindamrk et al;(2016).
On the other hand, the term preconception care (PCC) is
widely used for activities intended to address and prevent specific
problems related to pregnancy. Also it can be defined as the
provision of biomedical and behavioral interventions prior to
pregnancy in order to optimize women‘s wellness and subsequent
pregnancy outcomes with the aim to improve not only infant, and
maternal health(who,2013).
As well as preconception can promote the health of the
whole family and the future well-being of the offspring. Hence
PHC includes medical as well as educational and psychosocial
issues.(Berglundet al;(2016).
Preconception Care provide the continuity of healthy
women, healthy mothers and healthy children; and promotes
reproductive health for couples. Preconception care recognizes
that boys and men are affected by many health issues and risk
factors that influence maternal and child health, such as sexuallySummary
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transmitted infections, smoking and partner violence.(Bhutta et
al., 2013).
Preconception care must reach girls and women, boys and men so
that they are healthy in their own right, and so that they promote
the health of mothers and newborns. (Dean, et al, 2013)
Additionally the core contents of inter-natal care include
risk assessment, health promotion, clinical interventions, and
psychosocial interventions. The primary objective of risk
assessment is to identify ongoing problems that need to be
addressed Providers of inter-natal care should pay particular
attention to five problems that are now commonly missed during
prenatal or postpartum care: family violence,
infection/immunization, nutrition, depression and stress
(FINDS).(Greaves,(2014).
While the primary objective of health promotion is to
promote the health and wellbeing of the mother, infant, and
family. Also there were six components health promotion during
inter-natal care: breastfeeding, back-to-sleep, exercise, exposures,
family planning and folic acid & foliate supplementation
(BBEEFF). (W H O, 2011).
Many healthy women who gave birth to a healthy infant
will be need some psychosocial support. There are three types of
social support that need to be made available as part of the core
package of inter-natal care services: 1) social services, 2) clinical
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support, and 3) parenting support. Social services may include
assistance with obtaining certain public insurance.(Caplan, 2013).
Although the importance of preconception care, provides
resources for the woman’s health care clinician, and proposes that
every reproductively capable woman creates a reproductive health
plan. There is a menu of effective interventions to address the
following health problems, behaviors and risk factors in the
preconception period that increase the likelihood of maternal and
childhood mortality and morbidity(who,2013).
Although these risk factors in the preconception period such
as environmental, biological, obstetrical factors and factors related
hospital care. There are many potential barriers to disseminating
PCC in to the clinical setting In addition to the perception is very
important for the nurse to avoid taken false decisions. (Lindamrk
et al;(2016).
On the other hand nurse-midwives have a suitable education
for taking on all the suggested components in preconception care
and counseling. The use of tools such as a reproductive life plan
or other educational tools adapted to the health literacy of the
target group can be helpful in initiating discussions about
sexuality and reproduction. (WHO, 2010).
Therefore, nurses are optimally positioned to play a major role
in developing and integrating PCC into both primary and specialty
care settings. As the concept of PCC develops further, nurses must
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have a major role as a care giver, educator, as counselor and as a
manger in assessing preconception risk, providing the appropriate
intervention, assuring patient participation, and referring for
specialized services when necessary(Temel, 2016).
The present study aimed to assess maternity nurse‘s
hospitals’ Perception Concerning to preconception risk factors.
The study design was descriptive study design was used; it
was conducted all the departments in Maternity & Gynecology
Hospitals at Ain Shams University. Data collected started from
beginning of January 2017 and finished at June 2017. Convenient
sample was used, sample was 200 students.
Tools of data collection:
Nurses ’Structured Interviewing questionnaire includes five
parts as their socio-demographic data, their medical and surgical
history, their obstetrical history and menstrual history, their family
history and maternity nurse’s perception concerning
preconception risk factors
Scoring system: To assess the maternity nurses if they have any
information about preconception risk factors.
The results:
The results of the present study showed that concerning
socio-demographic data of the study sample; the maternity nurse`s
age ranged from 40 to 50 years represented (38.5%), also the
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percentage of their marital status was (85%).While their education
level of secondary nurses represented (48.5%), also their residence
in urban areas was (92.5%). Although the percentage of their
years of experience ranged from 10 to 20 represented
(31.5%).Also there were statistical significant relation between
maternity nurse`s age (p˂0.001), their educational
level(p˂0.001), their years of experience (p=0.012) with their
perception concerning to preconception risk factors.
Based on the present study findings the following
recommendations are suggested:
Preconception health care must be improved in the pre-
employment orientation program for new nursing in the
hospital.
Unique specified instructions through specified protocol for
counseling.
Further more specific study of counseling should do
integration of preconception health care with the other
health care centers in the same areas geographically