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العنوان
Effect of fermented milk and its products on experimental rats inflicted with some liver and kidneys diseases /
المؤلف
El-sharkawy, Asmaa Gomaa Hussein.
هيئة الاعداد
باحث / Asmaa Gomaa Hussein El-sharkawy
مشرف / Farouk Mohamed El-Tellawy
مشرف / Mohamed Samir El-Dashlouty
مناقش / Ayman Fathy Khalil
مناقش / Zeinab Moustafa Mousa
تاريخ النشر
2014.
عدد الصفحات
257 p. :
اللغة
الإنجليزية
الدرجة
الدكتوراه
التخصص
اقتصاد منزلي
تاريخ الإجازة
1/1/2014
مكان الإجازة
جامعة عين شمس - كلية التربية النوعية - Home Economics
الفهرس
Only 14 pages are availabe for public view

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from 257

Abstract

Some fermented milk contained probiotic microorganisms. Probiotics are non pathogenic microorganisms that, when ingested, exert a positive influence on the health or physiology of the host. Therefore this study was carried out to investigate the effects of feeding nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity rats on Seidi kishk (a typical native fermented food, made of laban zeer and boiled, dried and ground wheat grains), laban zeer (obtained from Minia Governorate), yoghurt and butter-milk (obtained from local market in Cairo).
Feeding treatments lasted for 28 days. The gross chemical compositions of dairy fermented milk products samples were determined. Also, the microbiological qualities of the tested products were investigated.
The present investigation included the following topics:
- Determination of the gross chemical composition of Seidi kishk, laban zeer, yoghurt and butter-milk including moisture, protein, fat, carbohydrates, pH, ash and total calories contents.
- Determination of microbiological qualities of Seidi kishk, laban zeer, yoghurt and butter-milk including total bacterial count, coliforms, lactic acid and yeast and molds.
- Determination of liver functions, kidneys functions, glucose, albumin and bilirubin in blood serum of hepatotoxic rats after feeding with Seidi kishk, laban zeer, yoghurt and butter-milk as well as in the control diets.
- Determination of liver functions, kidneys functions, glucose, albumin and bilirubin in blood serum of nephrotoxic rats after feeding with Seidi kishk, laban zeer, yoghurt and butter-milk as well as in the control diets.
- The histopathological tests on liver and kidneys organs of experimental rats were carried out.
The experiment included (55) female white Albino rats (Sprague Dawley strain) weighting between (150 – 170 g) divided into (11) groups; every group including (5) rats. All rats were housed in wire cages under the normal laboratory condition. Every day the animals were observed for the external appearance shape, color, eyes and distribution of hair and physical activity.
In the study one group was used as control negative group and was fed on the basal diet, including casein (10% protein), corn oil (10% fat), 4% minerals, 1 % vitamin, cellulose (4% fiber) and corn starch up to 100g.
Twenty five (25 rats) had Ccl4 injection for inducing hepatitis. Another (25 rats) had gentamicin as injection for inducing acute nephropathy. Five groups of hepatitis rats were fed on the basal diet only (control positive group), or fermented milk products as follows: 10% Seidi kishk, 10% laban zeer, 10% yoghurt and 10% butter-milk; respectively. The other five groups of rats with acute nephropathy were fed on basal diet only (control positive group), or fermented milk products as follows: 10% kishk, 10% laban zeer, 10% yoghurt and 10% butter-milk; respectively.
Feed intake (FI), body weight gain % and feed efficiency ratio (FER) were calculated. Blood samples were collected from the retro orbinal sinus under rat eye in a clean sterile centrifuge tube by the end of feeding experiment. Blood samples were used for determination of the concentration of the following parameters that were analyzed by colorimetric methods: Serum GOT (AST), GPT (ALT), total and direct bilirubin, serum albumin, urea, creatinine, uric acid and glucose.
Also, internal organs (kidneys, liver, spleen, heart and lungs) were dried by filter paper and weighed separately. Liver and kidneys were immersed in (10%) neutral buffered formalin until histopathological tests carried out.
Results could be summarized as follows:
- The chemical composition of Seidi Kishk was: 18.93% moisture; 0.81% ash; 12.8% ptotein; 0.63% fat; 66.83% carbohydrate; 354.65 Kcal and pH was 5.26. While laban zeer contained 45.27% moisture; 0.76% ash; 3.95% protein; 4.33% fat; 45.69% carbohydrate; 246.93 Kcal and pH was 4.31.
- Buttermilk contained: 85.27% moisture; 0.74% ash; 2.92% protein; 3.2% fat; 7.87% carbohydrate; 78.91% Kcal; pH was 4.44. While yoghurt contained was 89.4% moisture; 0.68% ash; 3.43% protein; 3.03% fat; 3.46% carbohydrate; 62.99 Kcal and pH was 4.51.
- Microbiological analyses of Seidi Kishk indicated that total bacterial count was 37 × 105, lactic acid bacteria and coliforms were absent and yeast and molds were 7 × 105. But for laban zeer, total count was 15 × 105 while coliform, lactic acid and yeast and molds were absent. The total bacterial count in butter milk was 13 × 105 and lactic acid was 18 × 105 but coliform and yeast and molds were absent. Also, coliform and yeast and molds were absent in yoghurt, total count was 2 × 105 and lactic acid was 15 × 105.
- There were significant differences among all studied groups of the experimental rats in body weight gain at (P < 0.01). However, the most effective group in increasing (BWG) was nephropathic group fed on butter-milk. While the lowest value was observed for nephropathic group fed on yoghurt.
- There were significant differences between control groups and nephropathic groups fed on fermented dairy products in feed intake (FI) at (P < 0.01). However, there were nonsignificant differences between all nephropathic groups fed on fermented dairy products.
- There were significant differences among all studied groups of the experimental rats in feed efficiency ratio (FER) at (P < 0.01). The most effective group in increasing (FER) was nephropathic group fed on butter-milk.
- Acute nephropathy decreased the weight of kidneys and raised the weights of liver, spleen, heart and lungs, most probable due to inflammation. Feeding with laban zeer showed maximum correction of kidneys weight, also all treatments corrected the weight of kidneys organ and there were nonsignificant differences among treatments.
- Feeding with Seidi kishk, laban zeer, butter-milk and yoghurt showed best restoring the weights of liver, lungs, spleen and heart.
- Injection with gentamicin raised the activities of liver enzymes activities (GPT and GOT) due to inflammation. Dairy fermented treatments reduced the liver enzymes and the best treatment (maximum reduction of liver function enzymes) was recorded for laban zeer.
- Injection with gentamicin caused acute nephropathy resulting in raised the dys function markers of kidneys (urea, creatinine and uric acid).
- Feeding with fermented dairy products decreased the levels of kidneys dys function markers. However, the most effective group in decreasing urea level was nephropathic group fed on Seidi kishk. While the most effective group in decreasing creatinine and uric acid levels observed for nephropathic group fed on butter milk followed by nephropathic group fed on Seidi kishk.
- Injection with gentamicin showed certain disorders of liver function, raising the activities of liver enzymes (GPT and GOT). Dairy fermented treatments reduced the liver enzymes activities and the best treatment (maximum reduction of liver function enzymes) was recorded for laban zeer.
- The disorder occurred in liver function caused in raising the serum levels of Bili T, Bili D, BiliInd and glucose, while serum albumin declined.
- Feeding nephropathic rats with Seidi kishk, laban zeer, butter-milk and yoghurt corrected the levels of Alb, Bili fraction and serum glucose. The best level of Alb was recorded for nephropathic group fed on laban zeer followed by nephropathic group fed on Seidi kishk. While the highest level of Bili fraction (Bili. T, Bili. D, and Bili. Ind) was recorded for nephropathic group fed on butter-milk followed by nephropathic group fed on Seidi kishk.
- Hepatitis resulted in the decreased of body weight percentage (BWG %) and feed efficiency ratio (FER), while feed intake (FI) increased nonsignificantly.
- FI revealed nonsignificant changes considering Ccl4 treatment or feeding treatments.
- Feeding on Seidi kishk, laban zeer, butter-milk and yoghurt diets raised the BWG and FER. The best value of BWG was recorded for hepatopathic group fed on butter-milk followed by hepatopathic group fed on kishk. While, all treatments showed the same value of (FER).
- Hepatitis raised the weights of internal organs (liver, kidneys, spleen, heart and lungs) due to inflammation.
- Feeding with butter-milk showed maximum correction of liver weight followed by laban zeer although all treatments lowered the liver weight.
- There were nonsignificant differences among the values of four treatnents for kidneys weight. However, the lowest weight of heart attained for hepatitis group fed on laban zeer followed by hepatitis group fed on Seidi kishk.
- Improvement of lungs weight was so marked for butter-milk followed by laban zeer and Seidi kishk which gave the same value. Also, the improvement of spleen weight was so marked for Seidi kishk.
- Hepatitis caused inflammation resulting in the raised activities of liver enzymes (GPT and GOT).
- All treatments corrected the changes of liver enzymes activities, the best value of GPT and GOT was recorded for hepatic group fed on Seidi kishk followed by hepatic group fed on laban zeer.
- Inflicting of rats with hepatitis showed certain disorders of kidneys functions, raising serum creatinine, urea & uric acid.
- Feeding with fermented dairy products corrected the disorder of kidney parameters. Best result for creatinine was recorded for hepatic group fed on Seidi kishk; but for urea, the best result was recorded for hepatic group fed on yoghurt while the hepatic group fed on butter-milk recorded the best value of uric acid. However, all treatments showed nonsignificant differences among them for kidney function parameters.
- Hepatitis raised the serum levels of Bili fraction (Bili T, Bili D and Bili Ind) and glucose, while serum albumin declined.
- The best value of Alb level was recorded for hepatic group fed on butter-milk followed by hepatic group fed on yoghurt. While the best value of Bili fraction (Bili T, Bili D and Bili Ind) was recorded for hepatic group fed on kishk and all treatments showed nonsignificat differences among them.
Thus it can be concluded that the use of fermented milk products could be recommended for nephropathic and hepatopathic patients.