الفهرس 
REVIEW OF LITERATUREOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Wilms’ Tumor (WT) has been a tumor of frequent occurrence in children, counting for 85% of all childhood kidney cancers. Despite the remarkable provement in the treatment, recurrence occurs in approximately 20% of patients th stage 11 and III disease and in over 50% of those with stage IV disease or with or with un favourable histologic characteristics.
Prognostic markers attempts, were done to predict patient outcome on the SIS ol tumor characteristics. ‘lhis should lead to a better selection of the optimal atment and thereby to improved result. Tumor stage was currently used for clinical scion making to predict the outcome for an individual case. This thesis describes mica] studies with the application of additional prognostic tissue markers.
The prognostic factors mentioned in the review discussed most of the ognostic tissue markers that had been studied in Wi lms’‘lumor. I ach ol these arker showed were discussed (if applicable): the difference between benign and alignant Wilrns’ tumor tissues as well as the prognostic value for different patient oups by using immunohistochernistry. Inspite, due to the heterogeneous nature of tumor, many published studies hesitated about the prognostic marker value.
The expression of subtypes of CD44 isoforms had been related to the etaslalic potential of several human tumor. The expression patterns and prognostic lue of CD44 were studied in Wilrns’ Tumor specimens of 61 patients with long 11 postoperative follow-up. CD44 expression increased from low stages to high ges. Increase of expression of two types of CD44 (CD44s and CD44v5) were rrelated with tumor stage, but CD44v5 was correlated to clinical progression and rvivaL CD44s and CD44vIO were of no additional prognostic value.