الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 147 |  |  |
| | | from | 147 | | |
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most frequent malignant tumors in humans worldwide. OSCC remains critical health problem because of its high ability for direct invasion and metastasis. Chemotherapy is considered one of the most effective non-invasive categories of the medical branch specifically devoted to pharmacotherapy for cancer. Despite the advances in therapeutic schemes as surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, the prognosis is still poor. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved many anticancer drugs such as Doxorubicin (DOX) that exhibits a broad-spectrum antitumor activity as it has great therapeutic effect against several malignancies.15,195 However, a growing body of evidence supported the view that DOX, as all chemotherapeutic drugs reduces tumor activity efficiently but unfortunately causes injury to non-targeted normal tissues. Nowadays, herbal medicine is gaining popular publicity and it has been incorporated into mainstream healthcare systems.19 It rely on the active ingredients of plants for prevention and treatment of diseases. In cancer prevention and treatment, natural products have attracted wide attention as they are cost-effective, readily available, non-toxic and highly active agents with fewer side effects than systemic drugs. Various researches had reported that cinnamon and saffron have anti carcinogenic effect using in vivo and in vitro studies.44,120,122,174,198 Recently, nanotechnology represents innovative and effective way in cancer treatment by its small size of nanoparticles at target site avoid the toxicity of traditional anticancer drugs. Therefore, this study will be conducted to examine anticancer effect of cinnamon-saffron extract and the nanoform of this compound on the cells of OSCC cell lines. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to assess the anti-cancer effect of combined cinnamon-saffron extract as compared to nanoform of this compound and Doxorubicin on the cells of oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines in relation to cell viability, migration and apoptotic efficiency. OSCC cell lines (SCC-25) were used. Nano Cinnamon-saffron were prepared and characterized using TEM. The examined groups were subcultured to obtain 4 groups, which were subjected to Cinnamon-saffron, nano Cinnamon-saffron, DOX group and one group that was not subjected to any of these compounds as a negative control (NC). Firstly, nano Cinnamonsaffron were prepared and characterized. Secondly, the groups were assessed using the MTT viability assay followed by the IC50 calculation. Then, the cell cycle and apoptosis analysis in all treated groups were evaluated by flow cytometry using the IC50 dose. Finally, cell invasion and migration were assessed through wound healing assay. Results of the present work and statistical analysis on comparing percentage of viable cells in different cell cycle phases, percentage of apoptosis, percentage of migratory cells of all the tested groups of the present study showed that: • Significant difference between control group and all treated groups with level of significant at p < 0.05. • Significant difference between DOX and the other treated groups (nano Cinnamon-saffron and Cinnamon-saffron) p < 0.05. • Significant difference between nano Cinnamon-saffron and Cinnamonsaffron at p < 0.05.