الفهرس 
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Abstract
As the world’s population ages, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is becoming more prevalent at an
alarming rate [1]. AD exerts a significant impact on individuals directly affected by the
condition, as well as on their caregivers and society as a whole in both advanced and
developing nations. Due to its high rates of individual morbidity and mortality as well as its
financial burden on the healthcare system, AD stands as one of the major healthcare hurdles
of the current century [2-4]. AD the most prevalent form of dementia, is an age-related
neurodegenerative disease that affects about 24 million people worldwide [5, 6]. By the end
of 2030, the World Health Organization (WHO) predicts that this number will be increased
by more than 100% [5].
Historically, AD is named after the German psychiatrist Alois Alzheimer [7]. When Alois
Alzheimer examined the brain of his first patient, who experienced memory loss and a
change in personality before passing away, he detected the presence of amyloid plaques and
substantial neuronal decline. Consequently, he labeled this affliction as an exceedingly
distressing disorder of the cerebral cortex