الفهرس 
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Abstract
Given the pressing demand for road network development and the adverse
environmental impacts of road construction, sustainable construction practices hold the key to addressing this issue. The pursuit of sustainable pavement construction necessitates careful consideration of selecting appropriate materials due to their
significant impact on road investments. Therefore, this study aims to analyze and assess the environmental impacts of four distinct pavement materials including both flexible and rigid types of pavements: Plain concrete (PC), reinforced concrete (RC),
fibrous concrete (FRC), and Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA). The study assesses various pavement alternatives by considering their cumulative energy demand and damages across different categories. The life Cycle Assessment (LCA) tool is used by implementing LCIA ReCiPe 2016 Endpoint (H) V1.07 / World (2010) H/A methodology and Simapro software. A case study of the Cairo-Suez Desert Road in Egypt is selected to verify the study on it. The damages are measured in two categories: human health and ecosystem quality. The results indicate that RC pavement has the highest damage effect in both categories, with values of 94.20 and
36.99 respectively. Both PC and FRC pavements exhibit damage but to a lesser
extent. HMA shows a relatively lower damage effect in both categories. It revealed that asphalt pavement generally has the lowest environmental impact among the alternatives. It exhibits lower impacts in categories such as global warming, human health, terrestrial ecosystems, freshwater ecosystems, stratospheric ozone depletion, ionizing radiation, ozone formation on human health, and terrestrial acidification.
On the other hand, FRC, PC, and RC tend to have higher impacts in these categories and others such as fine particulate matter formation, eutrophication, ecotoxicity,
resource scarcity, and water consumption. These findings highlight the environmental advantages of asphalt pavement and can guide decision-makers and stakeholders in choosing sustainable and eco-friendly pavement alternatives.
Overall, this study contributes to the understanding of the environmental impacts of road construction and highlights the importance of adopting sustainable practices in the industry. By considering the life cycle perspective and conducting LCA analyses,stakeholders can make more informed decisions to minimize the environmental footprint of road projects and work towards sustainable development. Keywords: Sustainability, Life Cycle Assessment, Flexible Pavement, Rigid Pavement, Simapro.