الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Residential Buildings Using Modeling and Simulation I Abstract The energy sector is always facing huge challenges, especially in countries with highly inflated populations where there is a universal tendency towards energy-saving in the housing sector. Reducing energy demand saves a lot of money for the government under climate change scenarios. So, this research will adopt lowering energy consumption by enhancing building envelope energy efficiency by studying the building envelope section residential energy law. In developing countries, the building envelope holds paramount importance in terms of the overall energy equilibrium of buildings. This significance is particularly pronounced considering that the building sector in these countries is responsible for approximately 40-50% of the total energy consumption. Consequently, achieving energy efficiency in buildings has become a primary objective in energy policies at regional, national, and international levels. Therefore, a residential building in different climatic conditions in Egypt was chosen to evaluate the influence of the application of thermal insulation material of the building’s envelope on the thermal comfort conditions indoors and on energy consumption in the present time and under climate change. where mega housing projects such as ”Dar Misr” are established to provide apartments for middle-income families. Therefore, this study aims to assess the thermal performance and calculate the energy savings of four thermal insulation materials available in the market: (Vermiculite Cement, Rockwool, Extruded Polystyrene (XPS), and Polyethylene). The assessment is for those materials installed in the Improving the Design Quality of Residential Buildings Using Modeling and Simulation II apartment’s external walls to find the optimal material that achieves the most extended annual indoor thermal comfort hours and the highest annual energy-saving. Utilizing Design Builder software, a representative apartment on a typical floor was simulated for three predominant climate zones in Egypt, namely semi-arid, Mediterranean, and arid regions. This assessment encompassed an evaluation of indoor thermal comfort hours and energy consumption, considering the existing conditions as the baseline scenario, and contrasting them with alternative, mitigated scenarios (the changing of these parameters represents 28 scenarios). The principal findings derived from this study affirmed that the optimal solutions across all climatic zones effectively balanced the twin objectives of energy reduction and improved thermal comfort. The results underscored the significance of incorporating a full wall construction composed of red brick in tandem with an additional layer of thermal insulation as a pivotal strategy for diminishing heat influx and extending the duration of thermal comfort in all three climatic conditions. In the optimal scenario, the thermal comfort period increased by 42.7%, 30.4%, and 32% in Cairo, Alexandria, and Aswan, respectively. Furthermore, this approach achieved a noteworthy energy savings of 37% in Aswan, representing the highest energy conservation ratio when compared to Cairo (36%) and Alexandria (31%).