الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Ankle and foot fractures constitute one of the most common orthopedic injuries encountered by healthcare professionals and can happen by various mechanisms.
Popliteal sciatic nerve block and saphenous nerve block are widely employed regional techniques that provide safe and reliable perioperative anesthesia and analgesia of the lower leg and foot.
Ultrasound guidance improves the quality of the nerve block, increases safety and decreases the risk of complications.
Different additives have been used as adjuvant with local anesthetics to achieve dense and prolonged block. Ketorolac is an NSAID, which means it works by inhibiting the synthesis of prostaglandins, substances that are involved in pain and inflammation. Therefore, using ketorolac as an adjuvant to local anesthetics in peripheral nerve block result in multiple beneficial effects.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of adding ketorolac to bubivacaine in combined popliteal and saphenous nerve blocks on intraoperative and postoperative pain relief in foot and ankle fracture surgeries.