الفهرس 
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Abstract
CKD is a serious condition commonly seen nowadays among children. Children with CKD suffer from a variety of oral manifestations caused by the condition itself, its treatment, or a combination of both. The oral health status of patients with CKD has been a topic of interest in literature. However, a limited number of studies have addressed children with CKD and there is no sufficient population-based data about Egyptian children with CKD undergoing HD. Thus, the present study was conducted to assess the oral health status among a group of Egyptian children with ESRF undergoing HD.
The study included 69 Egyptian children with CKD aged 6 – 12 years. Children were examined during their HD sessions while they were seated on their dialysis beds using disposable diagnostic sets and natural daylight. Clinical examination of studied children included assessment of dental caries using the DMF and def indices. Also, periodontal health using OHI-S and GI. Teeth were examined for the presence of DDE using modified DDE index. Furthermore, the oral mucosa and soft tissues were examined for the presence of any soft tissue lesions.
For the salivary analysis, unstimulated salivary samples were collected, for a group of children, using the spitting method. Biochemical analysis of salivary samples was done to measure levels of urea and creatinine and correlate them to their serum levels.
Results of the study revealed the following:
1. Children with CKD undergoing HD had low caries prevalence as 71% of them were caries free and the mean DMF and def indices values for caries affected children were 0.53±1.23 and 1.48±1.77 respectively.
2. The measured values of DMF and def indices showed a skewed distribution of values among studied children, so the SiC was calculated and revealed the presence of subgroups with higher caries experience. SiC for age group 6 - <11 years was 3.75 ± 0.5 and for age group 11 – 12 was 2.29 ± 0.95.
3. Calculus depositions were more prevalent than debris accumulation and were found in 59.42% of studied children.
4. Variable presentations of DDE were detected in 62.32% of studied children.
5. No detectable oral soft tissue abnormalities were found except for mucosal pallor which was found in 46.38% of children.
6. Participated children had high levels of salivary urea and creatinine which revealed a positive correlation to their serum levels.
7. The duration of HD had no effect on the examined oral health parameters of the target population.