الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is characterized by a rapid decrease in renal function together with the accumulation of waste products. Cisplatin is used as chemotherapy for various cancers that leads to the accumulation of platinum within the kidney and disturb the tissue of renal tubular and kidney function, so it contributed to different patterns of nephrotoxicity and renal failure. In animal models, cisplatin damages the proximal tubules, specifically the S3 segment in the outer medulla. Moreover, mitochondrial swelling and nuclear pallor occur in the distal nephron.