الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Gout as a disease of kings and is one of the oldest joint diseases known to humans. It affects up to 1–2% of adults, and leads to disability and reduces quality of life. Individuals suffering from gout often have a complex profile of comorbidities, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and kidney disease. Cichorium intybus L., as we know as chicory, is used as a traditional folk medicine and has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, effects. It can reduce the level of serum uric acid significantly.
The chicory used in this study was purchased from both Egypt and Jordan, sun-dried for 3–4 days.
Dried chicory plant (1 kg) was ground into powder and extracted with water (10 L) by heating to reflux for 1 h to time. Then, the decoction was filtered and concentrated under low pressure.
Nutritive value as protein, fat, ash, moisture and carbohydrate and inulin were determined.
Minerals analysis Flavonoids analysis, Antioxidant activity measurement (DPPH assay), Fatty acids analysis were determined and Sensory evaluation of chicory
Sixty male albino rats of Sprague Dawley strains (60 rats) weighting (140 10g) were housed individuals aerated wire cages under hygienic conditions. All rats were fed on basal diet for one week before starting of the experiment for acclimatization. After this period, the rats were divided into two groups (A& B).
- The first main group (A):
It consists of (6) rats fed on basal diets and used as a (negative control).
- The second main group (B):
It consists of (54) rats that inducted with uricemia through injection of 50 µl Monosodium urate crystals (25mg/ml) or normal saline into the medial side of the right tibiotarsal joint (ankle) once daily for 7 days. After this week, the rats divided into two groups, group consists of (6) rats used as a positive control, and the second group consists of (48) rats were divided into 10 treatment groups:
1) Control (-): group (6 rats) will be kept under controlled conditions and fed basal diet.
2) Control (+): Rats injected with 50 μL MSU and fed basal diet.
3) group 1: Rats injected with 50 μL MSU and fed on chicory (from Egypt) (5g/kg body weight).
4) group 2: Rats injected with 50 μL MSU and fed on chicory (from Egypt) (15g/kg body weight).
5) group 3: Rats injected with 50 μL MSU and fed on chicory (from Egypt) (20g/kg body weight).
6) group 4: Rats injected with 50 μL MSU and fed on chicory (from Jordan) (5g/kg body weight).
7) group 5: Rats injected with 50 μL MSU and fed on chicory (from Jordan) (15g/kg body weight).
8) group 6: Rats injected with 50 μL MSU and fed on chicory (from Jordan) (20g/kg body weight).
9) group 7: Rats injected with 50 μL MSU and fed on chicory Mix of two source of chicory extract (7.5 from Egypt +7.5 from Jordan) g/kg body weight.
10) group 8: Rats injected with 50 μL MSU and fed on chicory Mix of two source of chicory extract (10 from Egypt +10from Jordan) g/kg body weight.
Feed and weight of the rats were recorded every week till the end of the experiment.
At the end, the rats were fasted overnight, then sacrificed with Ethyl ether. Blood samples were immediately collected from portal vein of each rat and then centrifuged at 3000 p.m. for 15 min. to obtain the serum. Serum samples were separated and stored at – 10 ºC until further determinations of the tested parameters as urea, Creatinine, uric acid (kidney function); ALT, AST (liver function) and polyphenol oxidase.
Organs as kidney, liver, bow were removed, cleaned with saline, and weighed, then kept in 10% formalin for further histopathological examination.
Recommendations
6. Recommendations
• Need to do more scientific research on chicory to proof the scientific result and discover of a lot of the medical effects and protective benefit chicory.
• Recommend taking a mixture of Egyptian chicory with Jordanian chicory in order to get the maximum benefit from the distinctive properties of each according to the results.
• Introducing chicory in many industries that are popular with the public to ensure that citizens obtain higher percentages of them and achieve the required benefit.
• Include chicory in many of your daily meals and salads.
• Interest in growing chicory on a large scale because of its impact in preventing and reducing the symptoms of many diseases, especially gout.