الفهرس 
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Abstract
Streptococcus pyogenes (S.pyogenes), (group A Streptocci(GAS)) is one of the most frequent pathogens of humans. It is estimated that between 5-15% of normal individuals harbor the bacterium, usually in the respiratory tract, without signs of disease. As normal flora, S. pyogenes can infect when defenses are compromised or when the organisms are able to penetrate the constitutive defenses. In the last century, infections with S. pyogenes claimed many lives especially since the organism was the most important cause of puerperal fever, Scarlet fever, streptococcal pharyngitis (strep throat). Patients may also develop immune-mediated post-streptococcal sequelae, such as acute rheumatic fever and acute glomerulonephritis, following acute infections caused by Streptococcus pyogenes. (A total of 440 raw apparently normal milk samples were collected from different animal farms at Sohag governorate (368from cows and 72 from buffaloes) and 55 throat swap samples collected from human milkers). All the (S.pyogenes) isolates were identified by bacitracin sensitivity test, PCRdetection of (spy1258) gene, and positive group A (GAS) Lancefield agglutination kit. All the isolates from different sources had been typed serologicaly for M protein typing. Five different serotypes, M1, M2, M3, M4, and M6, were found to be indicated in different S.pyogenes isolates, while 30 isolates found to be untypeable. Some isolates were underwent polymerase chain reaction (spy1258) for confirmation and comparison between animal and human isolated strains. additionally antibiogram resistance was determined for eight different antibiotics. The mechanisms of the resistance were identified phenotypically by the disc diffusion method. The resistance testing indicated highly resistance for mostly used antibiotics as erythromycin and clindamycin and found to be complete or inter mediate sensitive to Penicillin-G, cefuroxime, ampicillin /sulbactam and cefoperazone.