الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
1) Chapter (І)
A brief introduction to the importance of water, the water supply approach in Egypt, the sources of organic carbon in water resources, their impact and treatment techniques.
2) Chapter (II)
The review of literature highlighted recent approaches to treating disinfection by-product precursors from water resources with a focus on the optimization of the coagulation process for decreasing disinfection by-product precursor levels by pretreating water with permanganate.
3) Chapter (III)
Includes the experimental part, materials, solutions, their preparation techniques, instruments, analysis used in this work, and the practical procedures that have been carried out in this study.
4) Chapter (IV)
The main topics of this work can be classified into the following:
A. Water quality characteristics of the Maadi and Mostorod water treatment plants (WTPs).
This part discusses water quality parameters and the operating conditions affecting trihalomethane formation. High trihalomethane levels were detected at the Maadi and Mostorod plants during spring. This was due to the flourishing of algae in water resources and the increased capacity of water treatment plants to meet demands.
B. The role of permanganate as an alternative pretreatment on synthetic water samples
Compared to traditional pre-chlorination, permanganate removed higher proportions of turbidity, total organic carbon, and 254 absorption spectrum in synthetic samples made from humic acid and kaolin under neutral and basic conditions. The molecular weight distribution of humic acid was also reduced compared to without pre-treatment with permanganate. As manganese dioxide forms in situ, it has adsorption properties that enhance the flocculation and sedimentation processes by forming larger flocs with hydrolysis products of alum. While in acidic media, floc sizes did not change between those pre-treated with and without permanganate.
C. Application of KMnO4 pretreatment on a real sample to minimize trihalomethane formation.
In this part, real samples from Mostorod water intakes were pretreated with permanganate. The results revealed minimization of trihalomethane formation potential, algal counts, and SUVA 254.