الفهرس 
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Abstract
Hotels industry is one of the fastest growing sectors in the world. It has been characterized by continued updating in technological advancement. In recent decades, inventions in the hotels industry has developed at a fast moving pace ( Rajeswari and SathishKumar,2019) The most important of this technology is the Internet of Things (IOT), where it defines as is physical devices connected to the Internet and interacting with each other, (Ramgade and Kumar,2021). The application of internet of things In hotels enhanced social distancing and minimized health hazards through non- touch services. In addition to saving the guest’s time through online services that are represented in booking, confirmation and payment through mobile applications in a very short time in parallel with the speed of hotel services and avoiding waiting time ) Anvarovna,2022). Moreover, it assured the guests trust regarding hotel services through the accuracy of the processes between the guest and the hotel at all stages of the guest cycle in the hotel,( Samuthjinda et al.,2022 ), Moreover, the hotel facilities offered through the Internet of Things have enhanced guest satisfaction and exceeding the level of satisfaction to reach a high degree of loyalty (Wei and Kim, 2022). The Internet of Things is applied in some hotel sections, for example, reservation, confirmation, online payment and controlling of rooms devices through mobile applications ( Infante-Moro et al.,2021), In addition to restaurant reservation and digital menu and communication between restaurant and kitchen (Mercan et al,2020) as well as following up the expiration date of food in refrigerators through phone applications (John et al.,2022), in addition to smart surveillance cameras and smart alarms devices which connected to Wi-Fi( Ghosh et al.,2022). In addition to be used in the process of personal interviews and announcing for new jobs (Anand and Saurabh, 2021). ),In addition to that it has become indispensable in hotel financial transactions (Phan et al., 2022). There are many challenges facing the application of the Internet of Things in hotels, such as human, administrative, institutional environment, financial, privacy and security challenges (Whitmore et al.,2015). The choice of Sharm El Sheik Hotels to be a population of study based on the huge of investment, safety and security, as the Egyptian leadership has long promoted Sharm El Sheikh resort as a center of the huge events (Amira, 2016)
1.2 The study gap and Problem statement
Despite the rapid evolution of technologies and its applications such as internet of things, limited studies have investigated the adopting of internet of things and its impact on the guest satisfaction in hotels, thus presenting a conceptual gap. The current study focused on internet of things applications such as online check inn and check out in front office and managing room devices through Mobil application in Housekeeping , controlling the refrigerators though online in kitchen ( Pelet et al.,2021), (Abdel-Hamided al.,2022 ) thus presenting a scope gap. The current study focused on hotels scope in Sharm El Sheikh as the chosen hotels would be helpful to explore the evaluation and benefits of internet of things and its applications over time. Mmaglovska and Dimitrov ( 2020) carried out a study through descriptive survey design and applied their study on major hospitality organization, thus presenting both a methodological gap and a scope gap as well. The current study applied on hotels in sharm El Sheikh and used both the quantitative and qualitative approaches based on internet of things applications to test the hypotheses and achieve its objectives.
So the main problem within some hotels managers have a lack of knowledge regarding internet of things concept as some of the these hotels apply the internet of things partially without realizing the concept of internet of things and its impact on guest’s satisfaction.as well as the usage of manual process in some departments and inability to respond to the market. In addition, process need extraordinary amounts of time and effort to track any errors in these paper reports and records, with the probability of inaccuracy and the existence of human error, which leads to the lack of credibility of the information available about the hotel services and negatively affects the guest satisfaction, which was on the contrary to what was found in other hotels which have already applied internet of things.
Through a pilot study carried out on a sample of 20 hotels four and five stars hotels in Sharm El Sheikh, it was found that some of these hotels have already adopted some internet of things applications in their departments, but there are some challenges and obstacles that prevent the full and the optimal adoption of these application which as a result might reduce the benefits gained from applying such applications in the case of adopting these techniques besides the manual ones, despite the actual existence and availability of these electronic applications. Accordingly, the study problem can be formulated as follows: the insufficient adoption of internet of things and their applications in the hotel departments within the targeted hotels.
1.3 The Study contributions
1.3.1 Practical Contributions
Based on what has been explained in the study gap, the current study tries to answer the questions of hotel stockholders about the applications and technologies of the Internet of Things, and to what extent this technique benefit hotel operations and whether this technology is better for the industry than others, in line with compatibility with the latest health and technological requirements alike.
1.3.2 Academic Contributions
According to what has been clarified in the study gap and through previous literature, the current study is trying to fill that gap, while suggesting future researches for a new researchers, and despite that, the study has suggested a new model after the modification of previous research and studies, where those researches models were modified in the form of the current study model.
1.4 The study Importance:
1.4.1 Practical Importance
There are many advantages that accrue to hotel establishments as a result of the application of the internet of things, including increasing the revenues of hotel, in parallel with saving hotel costs through accuracy in operations and control imposed by internet of things applications in all hotel departments, which results in guest’s satisfaction and loyalty.
1.4.1 Academic Importance
Despite the rapid development of IoT systems and applications, there are a limited number of studies and researches concerned with the investigation regarding the effects of the IoT technologies in all hotel departments and highlighting their role in facilitating monitoring and increasing control of the hotel operations, and identifying the most important challenges and obstacles that prevent the optimal levels of application of these technologies in the hotels under study.
1.5 Study Aim
The current study aimed to investigate the degree of adopting Internet of Things application and the extent of their availability within four and five stars Hotels in Sharm- El Sheik.
1.6 Study objectives
The study also seeks to achieve the following objectives:
• Clarifying the impact of the Internet of Things application on improving the guest’s health procedures in Sharm El-Sheikh hotels in the four- and five-star categories.
• Examining the impact of the Internet of Things application on guest trust in the study hotels.
• Examining relationship between guest trust and guest satisfaction in study hotels.
• Exploring the relationship between the Internet of Things application and saving guests’ time in the hotels under study.
• Examining the effect of improving the guest health procedures on guest satisfaction in the hotels under study.
• Determining the impact of the Internet of Things application on guest satisfaction in the hotels under study.
• Illustration the relationship between saving guest time and guest satisfaction in the hotels under study.
• Determining the effect of guest satisfaction on guest loyalty in the hotels under study.
• Identify the challenges which face applying internet of things in Sharm El Sheikh Hotels.
1.7 Study Hypotheses
The study hypotheses are as follows:
• H.1: Internet of things has a positive effect on the guest health procedures.
• H 2 :The Internet of things has a positive effect the guest trust
• H.3: The guest’s trust has a positive effect on the guest’s Satisfaction.
• H4: The Internet of things has a positive effect on saving the guest time.
• H.5: The Guest health procedure has a positive effect on the guest’s Satisfaction.
• H.6: The Internet of things has a positive effect on the guest’s satisfaction.
• H.7: Saving the guest time has a positive on the guest satisfaction.
• H.8: The Guest’s Satisfaction has a positive effect on the guest’s Loyalty.
• H.9: There is no differences in the guest’ opinions regarding the adoption of internet of things applications in four and five-star hotels.
1.8 Sources of data
.1.8.1 Secondary Data Sources
Secondary data comes from a variety of sources, including related textbooks, journals, and internet databases. The use of a variety of terms, such as, Internet of things application in hotels, the futures of Internet of things in hotels and Internet of things challenges in hotels sectors. All secondary data sources are illustrated in the next chapter ”Review of literature” such as books, theses, articles, reports, as well as periodicals in hotel Management.
1.8.2 Primary Data
Questionnaires are an efficient technique to collect a huge amount of data in an extremely economic way from a sizeable population. Therefore as mentioned above, a self-administered questionnaire was distributed to the investigated guest’s sample, based on the relevant review of literature. The main purpose of this questionnaire is to investigate the effect of internet if things application and its impact on guest satisfaction, saving time and improving health procedures of guest’s .Moreover, a personal interview with hotels managers were used to evaluate of internet of things application in four and five stars hotels in Sharm El Sheik.
1.9 Limitation of the study
It is essential to recognize the scope and limitations of the current study and define the logical extensions to this study.
1.9.1Time limitations:
The data were collected through personal interviews which were held with the all hotel managers at the five and four-star hotels that are located at Sharm El Sheik in the period from April (2022) to September (2022).As well as a questionnaire form which were distributed to some guests of five and four-star hotels in the period from Mai (2022) to October (2022) in the same city.
1.9.2 Human limitations
All hotel managers positions were selected to be the study sample as they are the most responsible and knowledgeable persons about how to operate the hotel operation.
1.10 Study Outline
According to the structure of the study, this study will be designed through five chapters.
• Chapter one is entitled ”Introduction”. This chapter includes: an introduction, statement of the problem, aims and objectives of the study, limitations of study, methodology of the study, hypotheses of the study, and a section relating to study outline.
• Chapter two is entitled ”Review of Literature”. This chapter aims to review previous literature. The purpose of that is to determine the major concepts in the study and support the researcher’s knowledge through reviewing the related previous researches and studies that is suitable for the aim of this study.
• Chapter three is entitled ”Methodology”. This chapter presents a step by step procedure for the present thesis. The research Structure of the thesis is based on research methodologies. The study’s methodology is the processing that will be applied to the collected data. It outlines population of the study, sample selection, pilot study, data collection and data analysis.
• Chapter four is entitled ”Results and Discussion”. This chapter provides the results of the data which are appropriate for the third chapter dealt with the results and the analysis.
• Chapter five is entitled ”Summary and Recommendations”. Which is the final chapter, presents discussions on results, analysis, conclusions and recommendations of the study? After presenting study conclusions and recommendations, suggestions for further and future studies and researches are presented to the future researchers who may be interested in studying in this scope. Recommendations are also presented to practitioners in hotels and hospitality industry field.