الفهرس 
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Abstract
Epilepsy is a common and serious neurological disorder that affects about 50 million people worldwide. Although antiepileptic drugs provide sufficient control of seizures in approximately 70% of patients with epilepsy, the remaining 30% are resistant to therapy. This means that there is a significant proportion of people worldwide face adverse life-long consequences such as sudden unexpected death from epileptic seizures, increased risk of injuries, learning and developmental delay at school age. That is why, more effective and well-tolerated ASDs are still needed.
Although the pathophysiological mechanisms of epilepsy are incompletely understood, increased glutamate activity, decreased GABA inhibitory activity, inflammation and oxidative stress have been implicated in epileptogenesis.
Ceftriaxone is a cephalosporin antibiotic that was licensed by the FDA in 1984 for medical use as a broad-spectrum antibiotic to treat infections such as pneumonia, bacterial meningitis and gonorrhea. Ceftriaxone’s safety has been shown in clinical trials over a long period.
Ceftriaxone has recently been shown to have a neuronal protective effect in animal models of neurodegenerative disorders, where it slows cognitive and motor degeneration. It has been shown to enhance glutamate reuptake by upregulating GLT-1 reduces neuronal excitation, prevents seizures, protects neurons from oxidative stress and also improves cognitive function in epileptic patients suggesting that it may have anti-epileptic properties.
Selenium is a vital micronutrient, which we can get enough of it from a well-balanced diet. It’s an important element of several metabolic processes, including thyroid hormone metabolism, antioxidant defense systems and immunological function.
The trace element selenium plays a vital role in the proper functioning of the nervous system by forming the active center of the enzymes glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and thioredoxin reductase. So, it protects against reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced cell damage through the function of selenium-dependent enzymes and selenoproteins.
The search for antiepileptic drugs has yielded more than 30 drugs, several of which were introduced in the 1980s. About 30% of epilepsy patients do not respond to anticonvulsant