الفهرس 
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Abstract
A series of acute atypical respiratory diseases occurred in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. This quickly spread from Wuhan to neighbouring cities. It was quickly revealed that a new coronavirus was to blame. Because of its strong similarity (80%) to SARS-CoV-1, the new coronavirus was called the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19’s clinical presentation is variable, ranging from asymptomatic to deadly instances.
Several factors make hemodialysis patients more vulnerable to COVID-19. Firstly, patients must attend regular treatment sessions at the dialysis unit where they often gather in proximity for extended periods, making it challenging to practice social distancing and resulting in high infection rates. Hemodialysis patients are also more likely to be older and have comorbidities, which increases their risk of experiencing severe symptoms. Additionally, studies have shown that chronic kidney disease is an independent risk factor for higher mortality among COVID-19 patients due to premature aging of the immune system caused by uremia.
Because of this, the ultimate objective of the study was to assess knowledge, degree of awareness, attitude, and practise adjustments among health-care personnel working in a dialysis centre in governmental hospitals in Egypt regarding the COVID-19 pandemic.
We conducted comprehensive multi-center research that included all COVID-19-infected hemodialysis patients from 10 different hospitals in nine different governorates. Using a retrospective observational research design, the current investigation included 1674 HD patients from all 10 included institutions in nine distinct governorates.
The attack rate of COVID-19 infection among hemodialysis patients was 14.1 %. Patients on hemodialysis were three times more at risk of getting infected than those patients admitted to outpatient units and case fatality rate in our study was 16.7 % which was higher than in the general population 4.7%. About half (44.6%) of infected patients were in the age group 50-59 years followed by (25.3%) in the age group 40-49, (73.0%) were admitted to isolation wards, and (23.2%) were admitted and transferred to the ICU because of the development of organ dysfunction. The majority (79.4 %) of infected patients were cured without any complications, and only (3.9%) suffered from complications.
The dialysis centers in different hospitals enrolled from different governorates showed a higher total adherence with hand hygiene and PPE use with a total adherence of 76%. But, dialysis centers on (H,K) healthcare facilities didn’t have good scores in most of infection control practices, which lead to increased risk of acquiring COVID-19 among HD patients. In addition to that, there is negative correlation between number of hemodialysis patients infected with COVID-19 and total infection control practices, that was statistically significant (r= -0.72429, p<0.001) which justify high attack rate on hospital (k).