الفهرس 
الفصل الأوليوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
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المستخلص
The study aimed to reveal the role played by civil efforts in supporting azhar pre-university education in Upper Egypt between 1911 and 2011.
The study used the historical Methodology and descriptive Methodology to their suiting the nature of the study, and the study found several results, including:
• Community efforts have played a major role in spreading pre-university Al-Azhar education in Upper Egypt through the establishment of free religious institutes, both founded by parents and founded by charities. Or the regular institutes established within the framework of the charitable endowment.
• The role of civil efforts in supporting pre-university Al-Azhar education in Upper Egypt (1911-2011) included not only the establishment of Al-Azhar institutes, but also included several areas of the educational process of these institutes, including school administration, student services, teachers, finance and equipment.
• Free religious institutes (1911-1952) provided access to religious education for those whose social and material conditions did not allow them to attend the regular Azhar institutes established in the capitals of the directorates (Al-Banader) which required accommodation and travel costs to these cities, as well as to stay away from parents, which was an additional burden on poor families who needed children to help with agriculture.
• The donations of the rich and the well-off from Upper Egypt (1911-1961) played a major role in establishing al-Azhar institutes and helping them to continue to carry out their mission, and donations from Egyptians, The Arab world and the Muslim world provided funding for the plan to expand the publication of al-Azhar institutes in The Egyptian Country (1977-1978).
• The revenues of endowments allocated to al-Azhar Mosque and its religious institutes provided a source of encouragement for students of science (especially the poor) to join al-Azhar Mosque and religious institutes, through the bread they were spent on in the so-called al-Jura, which was spent on those who belonged to Al-Azhar and proved their seriousness in seeking knowledge. In addition to the conduct of the scholars at the Assiut Institute as a regular institute, the income of endowments allocated to the Institute was distributed to its students of science and scientists, which was another means of encouragement, and a subsidy for poor students to continue to seek knowledge.
• After the abolition of the jaria system, the bread allowance, which is paid to students of regular religious institutes as monthly salaries, has played a major role in encouraging students to attend religious institutes, helping the poor to continue to seek education, and relieving their parents of the costs of travelling to and living in the capitals of directorates. The budget of al-Azhar Mosque and religious institutes was spent on this item from the proceeds of endowments allocated to al-Azhar Mosque, as well as endowments that were allocated to religious institutes in the provinces after their establishment.
Keywords: civil efforts - Al-Azhar education - Upper Egypt.