الفهرس 
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Abstract
Renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/RI) is the most common cause of ARF. Consequently, we hypothesized that milrinone and zinc oxide nanoparticles could concurrently address many pathophysiologic factors of I/RI. The current study was conducted on seventy-two (72) healthy adult male Sprague-Dawley albino rats weighing 200–250 g, randomly divided into six equal-sized experimental groups (12 rats in each) : group I : (Control), received normal saline (without any surgical procedure). group II : (Sham), underwent laparotomy and right nephrectomy without left renal I/R and received only normal saline. group III : (Renal I/R), underwent left renal ischemia for 45 minutes, followed by reperfusion for 24 hours with right nephrectomy, and received only normal saline. group IV : (MIL+ Renal I/R), as renal I/R group with a single dose of MIL (0.5 mg/kg of animal body weight) injected intraperitoneally immediately prior to I/R induction. group V : (ZnO-NPs + Renal I/R), as renal I/R group with a single dose of ZnO-NPs (10 mg/kg of animal body weight) injected intraperitoneally 2 h before I/R induction. group VI : ((MIL+ZnO-NPs) + Renal I/R), as renal I/R group with both treatments. At 24 h post renal I/RI and/or treatments : Extravasation of Evans Blue dye (EBD) was measured to determine renal vascular permeability. The blood samples (one ml) were obtained from the rats’ hearts in plain tubes without anticoagulant for subsequent biochemical analysis. The left kidney was removed, washed in phosphate buffered saline, for gene expression analysis, histopathological, and immunohistochemical evaluation. Molecular docking analyses were performed using the Molecular Operating Environment (MOE) 2022.02 software from this study, it was concluded that : It has been demonstrated that co-administration of MIL and ZnO-NPs effectively enhanced recovery from renal I/RI in rats more than either treatment alone.