الفهرس 
Purpose of the studyOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Despite advances in medical and nursing technology, the number of preterm infants with neurodevelopmental compromise remains high. In recent years the focus of improving preterm outcomes has shifted from increasing survival to minimizing morbidity and improving physiological and neurodevelopmental outcomes. Therefore, to improve the development of preterm infants, the nurse should make an efforts to provide the developmental care which include swaddling. It is a common approach and an effective for improvement of posture, rest and relaxation (Yang et al., 2023.The purpose of the study was to: -Assess the effect of swaddling technique on physiological parameters and neuro- behavioral development of preterm infants. Research design: -A quasi-experimental design (study & control groups) was utilized for this study. Setting This study was conducted at Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU) in Shebin El-Koom Teaching Hospital and El Gamea El Sharea for neonates at Shebin El-Koom city. Sample:- A purposive sample of 60 preterm infants was selected from the previously mentioned setting. A simple random sample was used to assign the preterm infants into study and control groups. 1. Study group: it included 30 preterm infants, they were swaddled for two hours daily for five days /week with routine neonatal care until discharge from the hospital. 2. Control group: it included 30 preterm infants, they only received routine neonatal care until discharge from the hospital Instruments of the study: - Instrument one: Preterm Infants Assessment Sheet (PIAS) to assess preterm infants’ data. It consisted of three parts: Part one: characteristics of Studied Preterm Infants. Part two: Physiological Measurements Diary. Part three: Physical Assessment Record. Instrument two: Neurobehavioral Assessment Sheet to assess preterm infants neurobehavioral status. Part one: Posture and tone. Part two: Movements. Part three: Reflexes. Part four: States. Instrument three: Neonatal Infant’s Pain Scale (NIPS) to assess the preterm infants’ quality and sensitivity of pain .The main results of the study showed that: 1- More than half of preterm infants in the study and control groups were males (53.3%). While less than half (46.7%) of them were females. 2- There were no statistical significant differences betwe3- There were no statistical significant differences at 5% level of statistical significance between the two groups regarding infants’ birth weight. 4- The mean length of hospital stay were lower in the study group compared to control group (22.63 ±8.07 VS 30.67 ±11.95). Therefore, there were statistical significant differences among both groups regarding length of hospital stay (P<0.05). 5- There were an improvement in preterm infants’ temperature in the study group compared to control group post intervention. For this reason, There were highly statistical significant differences between preterm infants’ temperature among both groups (P<0.001). 6- Preterm infants in the study group had lower mean pulse rates on the 10th day compared to the 1st day of intervention (132.37±3.89 VS 140.50±4.81 respectively) 7- Preterm infant in the study group had lower mean of respiratory rate compared to control group post intervention. Therefore, there were highly statistical significant differences at 1% level of statistical significance between mean of respiratory rate in the study and control group (P<0.01& P<0.001). 8- Study group showed highest mean scores of oxygen saturation compared to control group on post intervention. Therefore, there were highly statistical significant differences at 1% level of statistical significance between study and control group concerning o2 saturation 9- The mean weight of preterm infants in the study and control groups were 2.03 ±0.16 &1.80 ± 0.31respectively on the last day of intervention. So, there were statistical significant differences between both groups on the first and last day of intervention regarding mean of preterm infants, weight. 10- Majority of preterm infants in the study group (80.0%) had very good posture & tone post intervention compared to 53.3% had poor posture & tone in the control group. Therefore, there were highly statistical significant differences among both groups at 1% level of statistical significance regarding posture and tone level. 11- More than half (53.3%) of preterm infants in the study group had very good movement compared to 66.7% in the control group had poor movement post intervention. Therefore, there were highly statistical significant differences between preterm infants at 1% level of statistical significance regarding level of movement on both groups. 12- More than half of preterm infants (60%) in the study group had good reflexes compared to 70% in the control group had poor reflexes post intervention. Therefore, there were highly statistical significant differences at 1% level of statistical significance between study and control group regarding reflexes. 13- All of preterm infants (100%) in the study group had good states compared to 23.3% in the control group on post intervention. Therefore, there were highly statistical significant differences at 1% level of statistical significance regarding level of preterm infants’ states. 14- All of preterm infants in the study group had mild pain compared to preterm infants in the control group as more than half of them had moderate pain (100% VS 76.7% respectively) post intervention. Therefore, there were highly statistical significant differences at 1% level of statistical significances between study and control groups. Thestudy concluded that: Preterm infants who were swaddled (study group) had more physiological stability and experienced better weight gain than those who weren’t swaddled (control group). Also, preterm infants who were swaddled (study group) experienced better neurobehavioral development (good posture & tone, movements, reflexes and states) than those who weren’t swaddled (control group). Furthermore, preterm infants who were swaddled had lower pain scores than those who weren’t swaddled Based on the results of the study it was recommended that: 1. Swaddling technique should be integrated as a part of routine daily care for preterm infants 2. In-service education training programs about preterm infants positioning especially swaddling should be developed and provided for nurses working at NICUs. 3. Replication of the present study on a larger sample size and for a long period to ensure generalizability of the results. 4. Further studies should be done to investigate the duration of the swaddling technique as well as parental stress and reactions during swaddling.