الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 224 |  |  |
| | | from | 224 | | |
Abstract
This investigation was conducted to study the chemical, physiochemical, technological properties and nutritional facts related to the Stevia rebaudiana plant. This study was conducted on four varieties of stevia (Canady, Shou 2, Spanti and China 1) varieties, these varieties can be grown in Egypt and have been studied by the Sugar Crops Research Institute to confirm their suitability for agricultural and climatic conditions, and have been traded in the markets.
The results can be summarized as the follows :-
a) Chemical composition and nutritional aspects of stevia leaves varieties
1. The moisture content of the stevia leaves ranged between 6.62 to 7.38%, protein content ranged 9.15% to 11.61%, fat content 8.84 to 11.94%, fiber content 10.29 to 11.49% and ash ranged from 8.44 to 10.23%.
b) Anti-nutritional Factors in stevia leaves
1. Oxalate content ranged from 3.74 mg/100g in Spanti variety to 6.87 mg/100g in Canady variety.
c) GC-MS analysis for stevia chloroform extracts
1. The extracts have many anti-bacterial components such as 13-Heptadecyn-1-ol, 1-Heptatriacotanol, Eugenol, α-Guaiene and Isochiapin B.
d) Chlorophyll (A & B), carotenoids, and total pigments content of Stevia rebaudiana varieties
1. Chlorophyll A ranged from 26.34 mg/100g in Shou 2 variety to 55.51 mg/100g Canady variety.
f) Antioxidant activity of stevia leaves extracts
1. In methanolic extracts of stevia leaves varieties, IC50 of DPPH was ranged from 17.54 µg/ml in Canady variety to 45.97 µg/ml in Spanti variety compared to IC50 of ascorbic acid was 6.23 µg/ml.
2. In aqueous extracts of stevia leaves varieties, IC50 of DPPH was ranged from 21.84 µg/ml in China 1 variety to 55.46 µg/ml in Spanti variety.
g) Cytotoxic activity of Stevia rebaudiana extracts on normal cells lung tissue (Wi38) Cell Line and colon carcinoma Caco2 cells
1. Stevia extract almost did not affect the viability of normal cells lung tissue (Wi38) cells and showed very low toxicity, the same against colon carcinoma Caco2 cells
2. The toxicity of Aspartame (artificial sweetener) amounted to 96% at a concentration of 1000 µg and decreased to 0.154 % at a concentration of 62.50 µg against normal cells lung tissue (Wi38) cells.
3. The toxicity of Aspartame (artificial sweetener) amounted to 97.301% at a concentration of 1000 µg and decreased to 2.785 % at a concentration of 31 µg against colon carcinoma Caco2 cells.
j) Technological applications (Jam formulation and manufacturing)
1. The pH of the studied sour orange jam samples ranged from 3.37-3.58. A decrease in pH value of the sour orange jam was observed as the amount of sucrose decreased.
2. Replacing sucrose with stevioside had a significant effect on titratable acidity of sour orange jam among the studied treatments. The titratable acidity value of the control jam (2.81) increased to 4.49 (PG4) and 4.93 (P4).