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Abstract
Hepatitis B virus is a major health burden in Egypt, with the continuous threat of developing cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The identification of HBV genotypes may help in the early identification of potential sequelae after chronic HBV infection and in implementation of appropriate therapeutic regimens. Mutations within MHR of the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) were reported to be associated with viral persistence due to vaccine and immunotherapy escape, severity of liver disease and lack of detection by commercial kits. This work aimed to complete data on HBV genotypes, subgenotypes and serotypes circulation in Egypt with recognition of the pattern and prevelance of MHR mutations that might have occurred during the course of the disease. Eighty-eight chronic HBV infected patients, originating from different geographic parts of Egypt, were recruited for the study. Amplification and partial sequencing of surface protein encoding gene (S gene) in HBV genome was done