الفهرس 
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Abstract
The study presented in this thesis includes the development and combination between some techniques and technologies such as Analytical chemistry, Biochemistry and Photochemistry for the determination of some active drugs components such as Acetazolamide, hydrochlorothiazide and molnupiravir.
The thesis is divided into four chapters:
Chapter one: -
Includes a general introduction on lanthanides, optical sensors and other methods used for determination of acetazolamide and hydrochlorothiazide.
Chapter two: -
Describes novel, simple, sensitive and selective spectrofluorimetric method for the determination of acetazolamide in pharmaceutical tablets and serum samples using optical sensor Tb3+-ACAC. The acetazolamide can remarkably quench the luminescence intensity of Tb3+-ACAC complex in DMSO at pH (6.8) and λex= 350 nm. The quenching of luminescence intensity peak of Tb3+-ACAC complex at λem = 545 nm is proportional to the concentration of acetazolamide a result that suggested profitable application as a simple optical sensor for acetazolamide assessment. The dynamic ranges found for the determination of acetazolamide concentrations are (2.49×10-9 – 1.28×10-7) mol L-1. The limit of detection (LOD) and quantitation limit of detection (LOQ) are (4.0x10-9 and 1.21x 10-8) mol. L-1 respectively.
Chapter three: -
Describes a highly selective and sensitive spectrofluorimetric method for the assessment of hydrochlorothiazide in pharmaceutical tablets and serum samples based on the enhancement of luminescence intensity of the optical sensor Tb3+ ion. Hydrochlorothiazide can remarkably enhance the luminescence intensity of Tb3+ ion in Tb3+-hydrochlorothiazide complex at λex= 350 nm and pH 7. The produced luminescence intensity of Tb3+-hydrochlorothiazide complex in Acetonitrile is proportional to the concentration of hydrochlorothiazide and can used as optical sensor for its determination. The limit of detection (LOD) and quantitation limit of detection (LOQ) are (2.8 x 10-9 and 8.4 x 10-9 ) mol. L-1 respectively.
Chapter four: -
Describes a highly selective, ecofriendly and cost-effective spectrophotometric method for the assessment of molnupiravir in pharmaceutical tablets and serum samples based on constructing and photometric calibration curve for different concentrations of molnupiravir. The compound was excited at λex= 230 nm and pH 7.2. The intensity absorption in a (1:1, v/v) mixture of ethanol and water was found to be proportional to the concentration. The limit of detection (LOD) and quantitation limit of detection (LOQ) are (0.37 and 1.11) µg/mL respectively.