الفهرس 
Over view of COVID 19 diseaseOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
In December 2019, several unidentified pneumonia cases occurred in Wuhan, China. On 30 January 2020, this led the World Health Organization (WHO) to declare a public health emergency of international concern. On 12 March 2020, the WHO declared the outbreak of the 2019 novel coronavirus, a global pandemic. The WHO suggested the official name for the disease from this virus as the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (Tsang, 2020).
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic a global public health crisis that results in a great variety of challenges to the world, and the rapidly escalating case load overwhelmed health care systems. The mortality rate of COVID-19 varied greatly between countries, these public health actions may impact vulnerable older adults in health, social, and economic dimensions. The COVID-19 pandemic remains to be a public health threat; many countries are trying to restore social and economic activities gradually. In the process of recovering from COVID-19 pandemic, of older adults and communities (Chen, 2020).
Older adults with multiple co-morbidities with complex underlying health conditions suffer the severest COVID-19. Older adults are more getting affected by the virus than adults and children. (2019), there are 7 million elderly in Egypt. Older people are very vulnerable to infectious diseases due to several factors including; deterioration of their health status, decreased immunity and having multiple chronic conditions. Compared with other age groups, respiratory infections including COVID 19 are more likely to lead to serious consequences in older people due to the risk of morbidity and mortality from complications (Parlapani, 2021).
Lifestyle was defined as the older adults four domains, physical status, social function, psychological emotional state, and spiritual state lifestyle a way of life, position, condition, behavior, habits and mores. Which manifest in coping with their physical, psychological, social and economic environment lifestyle (He, 2021).
Lifestyle factors to decrease morbidity and mortality. Widespread measures to combat the current COVID-19 pandemic that encourage or require social distancing, self-isolation, in-home lockdown, and/or quarantine undermine attempts towards a healthy lifestyle and pose a mental health threat. Older adults lifestyle habits such as diet, physical activity, stress and sleep during the phase of the pandemic was important measures of lifestyles to limit the spread of virus (Nyberg, 2020).
Aim of the Study:
This study aims to assess of older adults lifestyles measures towards prevention of corona virus.
1. Assessing knowledge of older adults regarding Covid 19.
2. Investigating older adults’ health status including physical health condition, disability and mental health condition.
3. Assessing older adults reported practice of lifestyle measures towards prevention of Covid 19.
Research Question:
1. What are knowledge levels of older adults regarding Covid 19?
2. What are self-reported practices of lifestyles measures of Covid 19?
3. Is there a relation between older adults’ knowledge and their lifestyle practice towards preventive measures of Covid 19?
4. Is there a relation between older adults’ practices and their health status?
Subjects and Methods:
A: Research Design:
A descriptive study was utilized to conduct the study.
B: Setting:
The study was conducted at the outpatient clinic of El Fayoum General Hospital and the outpatient clinic of Abshway Centeral Hospital in El Fayoum governorate.
C: Subjects:
The study was subjects included older adults aged 60 years old or over.
D: Sampling
Sample type:
Purposive sample was used for this study.
Sample size:
Based on the sample size equation 350 older adults participated in this study.
Tools of the study:
Structured Interviewing questionnaire:
It was written in Arabic language for collecting data in relation to the following parts:
• Part 1: It was concerned with socio-demographic characteristics about elderly including age, gender, educational level, marital status, residence, work, family income, income in pounds
• Part 2: This part concern with elderly knowledge regarding spread disease as definition, signs and symptoms, mode of transmission, diagnosis, people high risk of coronavirus, complication, treatment, sources of information of coronavirus, preventive measures for elderly About COVID 19.
• Part 3: It was concerned with Health status of older adults as (physical health status, disability status, mental health status). The questionnaire design to asses health conditions, including: physical condition, circulatory system, respiratory system, digestive system, the musculoskeletal system, urinary system, nervous system, senses, mental health condition.
• Part 4: It was concerned with Self -reported practices for Lifestyles measures. It used for lifestyle assessment. It dealt with dimensions of prevention personal hygiene, physical activity, exercise, nutrition, smoking, stress management, health and safety, sleep, as well as social relations and spiritual practice
Results
The present study result presented the demographic characteristics of the older adults; regarding age it shows that 43.4% of them their age ranged from 65 to 74 years, 53.4% of them were male, 27.6% of them no read and write. Regarding marital status it shows that 48 % of them were married, 58.6% and 50.6% of them residence in urban area and not work. In relation to income, it was found that 72.3% of them had enough income and 55.7% of them their income was 2000 to less than 3000 EGP.
The present study described that (78%) of them had poor knowledge regarding coronavirus while 22% of them had average knowledge about coronavirus.
The present study reflected that 61.7% of older adults had poor health status; meanwhile 38.3% of them had good health status.
The present study showed that 90% of older adults had moderate lifestyle while 9% of them had undesirable lifestyle.
There was a statistically significance correlation between older adults’ knowledge and their reported practice of lifestyles measures toward prevention of coronavirus.
There was statistically insignificant correlation between older adult’s health status and their reported practice of lifestyles measures toward prevention of coronavirus.
Conclusion:
In the light of the current study findings and research questions it can be concluded that,
More than three quarters of the older adult had poor knowledge regarding coronavirus while less than one quarter of them had average knowledge about coronavirus. Vast the majority of older adults had moderate lifestyle while minority of them had undesirable lifestyle. Additionally there was a statistically significance correlation between older adults’ knowledge and their reported practice of lifestyles measures toward prevention of coronavirus. Moreover there was that statistically insignificant correlation between older adult’s health status and their reported practice of lifestyles measures toward prevention of coronavirus.
Recommendations
Based on the current study finding the following recommendations were proposed:
Health education programs about preventive behaviors of COVID-19 should be conducted for elderly in rural areas to increase older adult knowledge and practices related to COVID- 19.
Older adults should be aware that older individuals were particularly vulnerable to the effects of COVID- 19 on quality of life and explore strategies to minimize their suffering during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Attention should focus on strategies to mitigate the negative effects of distancing measures on older people’s quality of life, especially in those with lower functionality and chronic conditions.
Replication this study with large number to generalized the result.