الفهرس 
Cadmium levels in pregnant women with fetal central nervous system anomalies
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Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) is one of the most frequent sites for prenatal diagnosed congenital abnormalities (10 per 1000 live births, much higher than the heart—eight per 1000, kidneys—four per 1000, and other fetal systems). Due to the evolving pattern, ultrasound screening for fetal brain malformations is usually performed at 19–22 weeks’ gestation, but severe congenital anomalies can be detected earlier (Ceausescu et al., 2018).
There is compiling evidence that prenatal exposure to environmental agent adversely affect human development and childhood (Gorini et al., 2014).
Exposure to heavy metals such as Cadmium, Lead, and Mercury during pregnancy carries a great risk to the mother as well as the fetus. Environmental pollution and industrialization expose humans to heavy metals in every period of their lives. Exposure to heavy metals affects the growth and development of a living being; therefore, it has become increasingly alarming in terms of public health