الفهرس 
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Abstract
Oral cancer is among the most prevalent locations of head and neck malignancy.Tobacco use, alcoholic beverages, and, more newly, human papilloma virus infections are recognized as the leading risk factors for the development of tongue cancer..
The goal in treating OSCC is to do as little harm to good tissue at possible and resulting to minimal adverse effects. The patient’s treatment strategy is depending on the size, site and stage of his or her lip cancer.
Natural amygdalin may be found in the kernels of many fruits and vegetables, although it is most often associated with apricots, caustic almonds, apple, peaches, and plums.
Apoptosis is the mechanism upon which the concept of B17 like a cancer fighter rests.
Amygdalin itself is non-toxic, but its product (hydrogen cyanide –HCN) degraded by certain enzymes is a poisonous substance that can cause which is called (cyanide poisoning).
Cisplatin and other platinum-based drugs, such as carboplatin, have been widely used to treat a multitude of human cancers such as: head and neck, lung, ovarian, breast, colorectal, and testicular cancers.
Integration strategy of cisplatin with amygdalin is an effective way to combat cisplatin resistance, minimizing the unpleasant side effects of amygdalin, and boost the effectiveness of both drugs against cancer.
In this study, we investigated the cytotoxic effect of amygdalin , cisplatin , compared between two effects on OSCC cell line (HNO97) ,and investigated the cytotoxic effect of synergistic effects of two drugs on OSCC cell line (HNO97) after 24 & 48 hours.
Methyl Thiazol Tetrazolium assay (MTT), microscopic examination, nuclear morphometric analysis, Real-Time Polymerase chain reaction to detect the expression level of Caspase-3, and statistical analysis were used to determine the cytotoxic effect of amygdalin, cisplatin, and amygdalin/cisplatin mix .
We worked in four groups of HNO97 cells: control group, amygdalin-treated HNO97 group, cisplatin-treated HNO97 group, and amygdalin /cisplatin mix-treated HNO97 group.
MTT cytotoxicity assay showed that cisplatin, amygdalin, and amygdalin /cisplatin mix had a potent cytotoxic effect on cancer cell line after 24 and 48 hrs. in comparison to control cells ,which dependent on the dose of the given drug. The (IC50) value of Cisplatin was less than those of Amygdalin and Amygdalin / Cisplatin mix, so Cisplatin had a higher cytotoxic effect on malignant cells with lower concentrations.
Cytological examination revealed that Amygdalin, Cisplatin, and amygdalin /cisplatin mix induced cell death by different mechanisms including apoptosis, necrosis, and secondary necrosis. The apoptosis was the predominant form of cell death and it became obvious with amygdalin /cisplatin mix treated group. Contrarily, the necrosis was potent in cisplatin treated group in 24 and 48 hrs.
On the evaluation of morphometric parameters,Our results showed that after 24 and 48 hours, treated HN097 cells had smaller mean values for nuclear circularity, nuclear surface area, and nuclear area factor (NAF) compared to control cells. The lowest mean value was recorded in amygdalin/cisplatin mix treated group after 48 hours.
Based on results from Real-time Pcr products analysis, the treated HNO97 cells showed higher expression of the caspase-3 gene when compared to the control group.
Caspase 3 levels were higher in treated HN097 cell line when compared to control untreated group. The highest level was recorded in amygdalin/cisplatin mix treated group after 48 hours. This finding was confirmed by the morphometric study.