الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 140 |  |  |
| | | from | 140 | | |
Abstract
Borderline Personality Disorder or BPD is a complex
mental disorder with persistent patterns of affective instability,
unstable relationships, and self-image along with suicidal and
self-mutilating behavior
Cognitive distortions are erroneous ways of thinking or
negative biases hypothesized to be the root cause of depressive
symptomatology. Cognitive distortions were first listed and
described by Beck, Rush, Shaw, and Emery in 1979. Burns in
1980 subsequently expanded on their list and identified 10
common thinking errors. They include examples such as
overgeneralization, all or none thinking and labeling.
Few studies have been conducted to assess the prevalence
of cognitive distortions in patients diagnosed with BPD. This
study aimed to assess the prevalence of different cognitive
distortions in female patients with BPD in Egypt.
Methods:
This is a comparative observational cross sectional study,
conducted between April 2022 and February 2023, in Okasha
Institute of Psychiatry, specifically the outpatient clinics.
Scientific and ethical approval were obtained from both
ethical committees of institute of Psychiatry and Faculty of
Medicine, Ain Shams University, and the cases who accepted to
Summary
77
participate signed a written informed consent that was provided
within the study.
The study involved 30 female patients diagnosed with BPD
and compared to 30 age and gender matched healthy controls.
Each participant answered a list of closed ended questions about
the demographic data (age, gender, and education) and then was
subjected to the Arabic version of SCID I to rule out axis 1
disorders and SCID II to confirm the diagnosis of BPD.
Participants were subsequently asked to answer the Arabic
version of the Cognitive Distortions scale by Haroun et al., 2016.
Each participant was then given a total cognitive distortions score
with 30 being the lowest, 90 being the average and 150 being the
highest. Participants were also asked to answer a constructed
questionnaire based on the Cognitive distortions scale otherwise
known as types of thinking scale by Covin, et al., 2011. Mean
score was calculated for the patient group and compared with the
control group.
The collected data was revised, coded, tabulated and
introduced to a PC using Statistical package for Social Science
(SPSS 20). Data was presented and suitable analysis was done
according to the type of data obtained for each parameter. Results
were displayed to answer questions raised in the hypothesis of
this study.
Our study revealed the following:
1. Mean cognitive distortions score in cognitive distortions
scale by Covin, et al., in the patient group was 95.067
Summary
78
indicating that most patients enrolled in these studies have
a high prevalence of the above mentioned cognitive
distortions
2. Mean cognitive distortions score in the cognitive distortions
scale by Haroun, et al., in the patient group was 111.267
an above average score indicating that most patients enrolled
in these studies have a high prevalence of the above
mentioned cognitive distortions
3. There was a statistical significance between the prevalence
of cognitive distortions in both patient and control groups
with the patient group having a greater prevalence of
cognitive distortions
4. There was no correlation between mean age and education
level and the prevalence of cognitive distortions
5. The domain of cognitive distortions in BPD has very limited
research, and the findings of this study highlight that there
are distortions other than dichotomous thinking that are
present among the individuals with BPD, which need to be
focused on therapeutically
This study is the first to be conducted in Egypt and
possibly the Middle East paving the way for further research on
patterns if thinking present in individuals with BPD. Our study
has also proven the constructed questionnaire based on the
Cognitive Distortions scale by Covin, et al., 2011 effective in
assessing cognitive distortions and can be used further in future
studies.