الفهرس 
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to improve water treatment plants. The samples were collected from conventional Water Treatment Plant (WTP) located at the end-point of freshwater Streams in Daqahliya governorate which located at the tail of water streams (the endpoint of the Damietta branch and other freshwater streams). Samples were exposed to pretreatment using chemical coagulation/ precipitation by alum (aluminum sulfate) and polyacrylamide as coagulants and coagulant aid, and by using natural product Cilantro as adsorbent agent. Physico-chemical parameters and some heavy metals were characterized to check their pollution potential. Samples were treated by flocculation treatment processes using Flocculator Jar Testing Apparatus. Microbiological examinations of study samples include: Total plate count, total coliform, total algal count, and microscopic examination. Current study for Nile water treatment revealed that the highest turbidity removal efficiency was 78% for alum, 40% for polyacrylamide as coagulant, and 94% for alum coupled with polyacrylamide as flocculant with applied range of dose 2.1, 3, and 0.018 mg/l, respectively. While, the efficiency for dry stems (DS) was 76.33% at a dosage of 0.6g, but dry leaves (DL) showed 69% at 0.3g dosage. However, the fresh leaves (FS) and fresh leaves (FL) did not achieve a highly removal efficiency, as it reached to 35.4% and 33%, respectively, at a dosage of 0.3g. It’s concluded that using polymeric materials is one of the future directions to meet the environmental water standards and to supply the water requirements of the growing population.