الفهرس 
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Abstract
Mosquitoes are one of the most medically important insects related to human health. The specific objectives of this study were to: (1) survey mosquito species, abundance, identification and mosquito predators in two locations: a) a rural area (Abu Tabel and Ezbet Younes) and b) an urban area (Sakha city) in Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate during two rice cultivation periods from June to September 2020 and 2021, (2) evaluate the effect of ethanol extracts of eleven different plants, six essential plant oils, malathion (chemical insecticide) and bacteria (Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis) against 4th instar larvae of Culex pipiens mosquito in distilled and drain water. Data indicated that the larvae of the considered species were represented by 12119 larvae of which 4616 (38.09%), 4209 (34.73%) and 3294 (27.18%) were collected from Ezbet Younes, Abu Tabel and Sakha, respectively. Also, a total of 3962 pupae of which 1639 (41.37%), 1471 (37.13%) and 852 (21.50%) were collected from Abu Tabel, Ezbet Younes and Sakha, respectively. Regarding the adult population, a total of 1344 adult mosquitoes were trapped, of which 475 (35.34%), 467 (34.75%) and 402 (29.91%) from Abu Tabel, Ezbet Younes and Sakha, respectively. The correlation coefficient between the number of trapped adults and the total count of C. pipiens larvae and pupae was positive and significant for Abu Tabel and Ezbet Younes locations while was highly significant for Sakha location. The most dominant predator was Cypris sp. and the least one was Pantala flavescens. The data of larvicidal bioassay had shown that malathion was the most effective when compared with the tested plant extracts and essential oils. In the case of plant extracts, Piper nigrum, Curcuma longa, Linum usitatissmum, Allium sativum and Eugenia aromatica extracts were the most effective bio larvicides. While Cinnamomum verum extract was the least effective one. In the case of essential plant oils, Citrus lemon, Piper nigrum and Mentha arvensis oils were the most effective bio larvicides. While, Allium sativum oil was the least effective one. In the case of bacterial treatment, LC50 values showed that VectoBac G was the most effective followed by impregnated bacteria on larvae food then bacterial suspension of a native bacterial isolate. No mortality was observed in the control groups.