الفهرس 
Significance of studyOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Disaster management is a process of effectively preparing for and responding to disasters. It involves strategically organizing resources to lessen the harm that disasters cause reduces, or avoid, the potential losses from hazards, assure prompt and appropriate assistance to victims of disaster, and achieve rapid and effective recovery.Also, disaster management is how we deal with the human, material, economic or environmental impacts of said disaster, it is the process of how we prepare for, respond to and learn from the effects of major failures. (WHO, 2020).The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of disaster management training on competency of nurses working in primary health care centers.Research Hypotheses H1: Nurses who receive the disaster management training intervention will have a higher level of knowledge post intervention than pre intervention.H2: Nurses who receive the disaster management training intervention will have a higher level of competency post intervention than pre intervention.A quasi-experimental (one group pre/post-test) design was used to accomplish the purpose of the study.The study was carried out in two primary health care centers at Shebin El-kom district, Menoufia Governorate, Egypt. First setting was the primary health care center named Quiply at Quiply zone, Shebin El-kom district, Menoufia Governorates. It consists of two floors, the first floor contains dermatology, dental, and family medicine clinics, while second floor contains family planning, pediatric and obstetric clinics.While, second setting was the primary health care center named Bahay at Traffic zone, Shebin El-kom district, Menoufia Governorates. It consists of two buildings. First health office contains one floor that includes pediatric clinic to examine children and provide vaccination, also it contains file room. The second building called maternity and childcare center that consists of three floors, first one contains dermatology and family medicine clinics while second one contains dental, audiometric and pediatric clinics, while third one contains family planning and obstetric clinics. Study Sample and Sampling Technique Sixty nurses working in the two previous primary health care centers at Shebin El-kom district, Menoufia Governorates, Egypt was recruited. Multistage random sampling was selected randomly including one district (Shebin El-kom) out of the 10 districts of Menoufia Governorates (first stage sample), then the two primary health care centers at Shebin El-kom district, Menoufia Governorates was selected (second stage sample).All sixty nurses working at the two PHC centers was recruited (third stage sample). Nurses who are on sick leaves for any reason at the time of conducting the study were excluded from the study. Study instruments Instruments I: A Structured Interviewing questionnaire This questionnaire was developed by Barua et al., (2013); WHO & ICN, (2009)after reviewing the related literature (International Federation of Red Cross, (2017); WHO,(2020) and discussion with experts to collect data about disaster management training that translated in simple Arabic language. It included socio-demographic characteristics of nurses and data about primary health care centers.
Part one: Socio demographic characteristics of studied nurses: It contained questions as nurses’ age, marital status, level of education, residence, place of work, work hours and social income. It also included questions about nurses’ attendance for training courses about disaster management, main source of information about disaster management .Part two: Data about primary health care centers: It contained questions about if the primary health care centers contain disaster management unit, if it contains an emergency plan for any anticipated hazards and the components of disaster management plan. Instruments II: Disaster Management Knowledge Questionnaire (DMKQ)This tool was developed by Ahmed, (2001) to check the major components of the preparedness disaster guidelines. The questionnaire was used to assess knowledge and awareness about internal disaster preparedness guidelines among PHC nurses. The questionnaire sheet consisted of 25 questions divided into five subgroups. Instruments III - Disaster Nursing Competencies Questionnaire (DNCQ):The questionnaire was structured according to the International Council of Nurses (ICN& WHO, 2009) Competency Framework, which it composed of 88 items in domains. The competencies were content validated by an expert panel for their relevance to the role requirements of nurse’s generalist in disasters. Instruments IV: Nursing Skills Checklist Measurement Backage: It included four sections:
1st Section: Infection Control Checklist including procedures of hand washing, wearing a mask, wearing a gown, and performing closed gloving (Kozier, 2011). 2nd Section: Basic Life Support for Adults and Infant’s Checklists (Kozier, 2011). 3rd Section: Evacuation Procedures Checklist (Acar et al., 2019)
4th Section: Emergency Preparedness Checklist that consisted of five scales (IFRC,
2020) including Call the Emergency Management Office, Emergency Plan, Prepare a Disaster Supplies Kit, Evacuation and Fire Safety checklists. The main finding of the present study revealed that: Regarding the socio demographic characteristics of the studied nurses. Majority of them were aged 40 – 50 years (56.6%), females (98.3%), have Diploma education (95%), were married (85%) and had experience > 10 years (96.6%). - The total score of knowledge level of studied nurses demonstrated a highly significant improvement (P<0.000) in all knowledge items post intervention. Satisfactory knowledge response was improved post intervention than pre intervention. Also, the mean total knowledge score and grand total knowledge score were increased, and the difference was highly significant (P<0.0001). - The total score of competencies related skills of nurses working in PHC centers showed a highly significant improvement (P<0.0001) in the total post intervention score. The effective application of knowledge, skills and judgment response was increased post intervention and the difference was highly significant (P<0.0001) in all items. Moreover, the mean total competency score and grand total competency scores were improved, and the difference was highly significant (P<0.0001). - The total mean score of skills related competencies as well as grand total score about disaster management of studied nurses pre and post intervention. The table demonstrated that post -intervention revealed a highly significant improvement (P<0.0001) on total mean score of skills related competencies, as well as grand total competency score. The total mean score of all skills related competencies measures were increased. As well as grand total competency score was improved post intervention. - The finding demonstrated a moderate positive significant correlation between grand total knowledge score and grand total competency score post intervention (r=0.26, p<0.05).Based on the findings of the present study, it was concluded that: Application of disaster management training intervention is beneficial in improving level of knowledge and enhancing competencies among nurses working in primary health care centers. There was a moderate positive significant correlation between grand total nurses” knowledge score and grand total nurses” competency score post intervention. Based on the findings of the present study, the following recommendations were suggested: • Conducting continuous training intervention that aims to raise levels of knowledge and competency of healthcare workers especially nursing staff about disaster management and how to treat to any disaster situations is very urgent in PHC centers. • Application and generalization of the proposed internal disaster management guidelines is also recommended. • Enhance disaster management nursing competency of nursing students, teaching staff and employees with updated professional comprehensive training. • Re applicate of the study research at different health care settings. • Generalizability of study finding on a wide range of nurses across primary healthcare centers with further larger studies with higher sample size are recommended inthis field of disaster management.