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Abstract
This study was carried out in the fiberglass greenhouse at the farm of the Vegetables Crops Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, throughout the two winter seasons of 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 to investigate the effect of some soilless culture techniques (perlite, rice straw and modified plant plane hydroponic) on the growth, yield and quality of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), cv., 7158 comparing with sandy soil. The experiment included 4 treatments with 3 replicates arranged in randomized complete block design. Data indicated that growing pepper plants on perlite medium caused a significant decrease in all vegetative growth characters during the early stage of the growth periods (up to 90 days after transplanting), as compared with sandy soil. In contrast, the vegetative growth characters of pepper plants cultured on perlite medium were generally better than those recorded on plants grown in sandy soil, 120 days after transplanting. Total fruits yield, marketable yield on perlite substrate was significantly lower than those recorded in sandy soil. Increasing in Ý-carotene, lycopene, total phenols, vitamin C and TSS concentrations in fruit produced on plants grown on perlite at 120 and 180 days in the first growing seasons compared with control. On the other hand, perlite medium significantly recorded lower percentages of nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus during both growing seasons compared with sandy soil. Sweet pepper plants grown on perlite consumed lower amounts of water in the two seasons compared with plants grown in sandy soil. Modified plant plane hydroponic caused significant reduction in all vegetative growth characters 90 days after planting, but it significantly increased such characters120 days after planting compared with sandy soil. Plants grown on plant plane hydroponic significantly exceeded sandy soil in the total and marketable yields. Plants grown on plant plane hydroponic significantly exceeded sandy soil in fruit contents of Ý-carotene, lycopene, total phenols, vitamin C and TSS. Modified plant plane hydroponic gave higher calcium and phosphorus percents of the fruits while, it significantly recorded lower nitrogen and potassium percent during both growing seasons compared with control. Sweet pepper plants grown on modified plant plane hydroponic consumed lower amounts of water in the two seasons compared with plants grown in sandy soil