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Abstract
Maternal vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy is a major global public health problem, particularly in developing countries. Maternal vitamin D deficiency leads to many maternal complications (Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, pre-eclampsia, bacterial vaginosis and decreased fertility) and also neonatal complications (higher risk of neonatal sepsis, Low birth weight, preterm delivery, neonatal hypocalcaemia). Our study aim to study the relation between Maternal serum Vitamin D level during pregnancy and different neonatal outcomes (birth weight, length, APGAR scoring, incidence of NICU admission and serum blood glucose after birth). This cross-sectional study carried out in the Gynecological & Obstetrics Hospital, Cairo University between October 2014 to March 2015 was conducted on 88 full term neonates at birth. Maternal serum samples were collected at delivery to assess 25(OH)D with thorough history taking focusing on vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy (dose & duration), antenatal care, maternal age, gravidity and parity, maternal diseases and mode of delivery. Assessment of birth weight, birth length, Apgar score at 1 and 5 minutes, RBG at 1st hour of birth and the need for NICU admission within the first 24 hours was performed. In our study , Only 18 mothers (20.5%) received vitamin D during ANC. The mean duration of vitamin D supplementation was 4.8±1.3 months dose with a mean dose of 429.7±383.4 IU/day. Mean level of maternal 25(OH)D was 21.2±10.1 ng/dl at delivery with 53 (60.2%) of them having vitamin D deficiency (< 20ng\dl). There was statistically significant relation between vitamin D supplementation and Antenatal Care and Antenatal source (p=0.005 and 0.03 respectively). There was statistically significant relation between vitamin D status and mode of delivery (p=0.005). No statistically significant correlation was found between maternal 25 (OH) vitamin D level and neonatal outcome (birth weight, length, APGAR scoring, incidence of NICU admission and serum blood glucose after birth) (p>0.05).