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Abstract
The present study was designed to determine the protective effects of turmeric extract against oxidative damage caused by either cisplatin or paclitaxel in liver, by measuring biochemical and antioxidant parameters and investigating DNA fragmentation and histopathology of liver tissues. It was also directed to evaluate the inhibitory effects of cisplatin and paclitaxel on two CYP450 enzymes namely CYP2E1 and CYP3A1/2 in hepatic microsomes isolated from normal and turmeric pretreated rats. For in-vivo study: male Wistar rats were divided into six groups 10 rats each, cisplatin group (7.5mg/ kg body weight, once i.p.), turmeric extract+ cisplatin group, (100mg/kg b. wt. of turmeric extract for15 days followed by a single injection of cisplatin on day 11); paclitaxel group (10mg/ kg b. wt., once, i.p.), turmeric extract+ paclitaxel group, (100mg/kg b. wt. of turmeric extract for 15 days followed by a single injection of paclitaxel on day 11). For comparison normal saline and Cremophor EL groups were administered in the same dosage regimen. Pretreatment with turmeric extract significantly ameliorated liver damage by reducing the higher activities of serum ALT, AST and LDH, and restored serum proteins and albumin to their normal levels. Furthermore, these treatments improved the state of oxidative stress caused by cisplatin and paclitaxel as indicated by decreasing the level of MDA, elevating the level of GSH, and decreasing the activities of GST, lysosomal enzymes and increasing the activities of SOD. DNA fragmentation caused by both drugs was improved by turmeric extract pretreatment. The biochemical findings were confirmed histopathologically where turmeric pretreatment significantly alleviated the degenerative changes caused by cisplatin and paclitaxel