الفهرس 
Detection of Virulence Genes in Brucella Strains in Egypt and their Impact on Phenotypic characters of Brucella Strains
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Abstract
In the present study 263 sample(buffalo 35, cow 149, sheep 34, goat 27, camels 7 and human 11) collectedfrom different areas. The total brucella isolates were 46 (54.1%), 70 (57.9%), 13 (56.5%), and 11 (47.8%) were recovered from 85 milk samples, 121 supra mammary lymph nodes, 23 spleens, and 23 livers, No Brucella isolates were obtained from human blood samples.The isolated Brucella strains (n=140) were subjected to the duplex PCR using specific primers for identification of species level, out of them, 107 (76.4%) were identified as B. melitensis and the remaining 33 (23.6%) were proved to be B. Abortus, out of 87 strains isolated from cattle, 63 (72.4%) were proved by conventional typing as well as by duplex PCR as B. melitensis and only 24 (27.6%) as B. abortus. Out of 19 strains isolated from buffaloes, 10 (52.6%) were B. melitensis and 9 (47.4%) B. abortus. thus, all strains isolated from sheep (n=18) and goats (n=16) were found to be B. melitensis. Although no Brucella isolates were obtained from 7 camel lymph nodes of 11 human blood samples, DNA extraction from 7 human sera and 3 DNA extracts of camel lymph nodes gave positive PCR yield. All these samples gave PCR products indicating infection with B. Melitensis.All 140 Brucella strains isolated in this study were subjected to the PCR assay to study the incidence and distribution of the virulence genes bvfA, virB, ure, wbkA, manB, omp25 and amiC. On the other hand, the distribution of the same virulence genes in the 107 B. melitensis isolates revealed that bvfA, virB, and omp25 were detected in all isolates (100%), followed by ure gene detected in 106 (99.1%), wbkA detected in 103 (96.3%), manB detected in 102 (95.3%) and finally amiC gene detected in 101 (94.4%) of B. melitensisstrains). Brucella virulence factor A (bvfA) was detected in all B. melitensis strains (100%) and in 93.9% of B. Abortus.