الفهرس 
Contemporary Memorial Landscape as Spaces of Engagement: a study of memorial spaces in Cairo
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Abstract
In the past few decades, examples of open spaces integrated into cities and people’s daily lives have increased. People’s memory is identified through memorializing these open spaces, which contribute to shaping and managingthe history and identity of cities. Egyptian cities have witnessed several significant events over the past decades in several open spaces. However, theseopen spaces lack features of historical storytelling and even the ones with historic monumental structures transformed into traffic nodes lacking public interaction or sensual experience.This caused people to detach from their physical identity and lose track of their history and memoryscape.
Meanwhile, contemporary designers worldwidesupported introducing memorial landscapes in public spaces. Contemporary Memorial landscape (CML) is a landscape space commemorating individuals or events of the past and keeping them in the memory of people, through physical representation in public areas, by being active rather than passive spaces. Users experience these memorials through engagement with different perceptions, due to senses experienced at that space. Placing CML in everyday life and allowing users to engagement strengthen their memory and place attachment.
Accordingly,the thesisidentifies monuments, memorials and CML approaches and its potential for shared memory in which a viewerbecomes a contributor which is the focus of this research.
The overreaching goal of this thesis is to provide a framework for contemporary memorial landscape spaces to evaluate them and provide guidelines for governments andauthorities to design and plan contemporary memorials.
This will be applied by studying several literature reviews to deduce and illustratetheoretical approaches to the creation of the analytical framework.Highlighting several factors of memorial space design, which is intended by designers to transfer meanings through spatial configuration in space. The framework is assessed by experts in the field.The framework will be revisited from the analytical point of view. By using qualitative and quantitative tools that were implemented systematically discussing four international examples and one local example that have used the contemporary memorials as an approach in its design. The analytical study is used to validate the results deduced from the literature review. The research will further construct a survey to compare the previous results with the user’s feedback and perception about the examples discussed earlier.Further the thesis compares the results to confirm the relationship between the designers’main intensions, the framework aspects, and the user perception in the space.
The results concluded which will develop into recommendations to help urban planners or authorities when designing CML sites to reach optimum meanings and use that is initially intended from their designs