الفهرس 
DementiaOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Blood-based oxidative stress biomarkers could provide
cost and time effective means of identifying elderly
males with cognitive decline. The present study
provides an evidence of higher blood levels of oxidative
stress markers in elderly males with cognitive decline.
Oxidative stress could be identified as an early event in
the pathogenesis of dementia since oxidative stress
markers such as GPx appears early in the mild stages of
the disease.
The current study revealed that GPx Blood levels had
the best diagnostic performance in diagnosis of
dementia in elderly males among the three used blood
markers, with cutoff point ≤ 83.2, followed by MDA at
cutoff point >82.5, then TAC at cutoff point ≤ 20.9. All
of them had good specificity and sensitivity for
detection of dementia.
More future studies are required to demonstrate the
potential beneficial effect of diminishing oxidative
stress in enhancing cognitive function and thereby
ameliorating cognitive decline.
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Recommendations
1) Early detection of oxidative stress markers in patients
with mild cognitive impairment is important to have the
chance to intervene early, especially for those with a
family history of dementia.
2) Antioxidants could be very useful in prevention or
treatment of some neurodegenerative disorders including
dementia.
3) Efforts should be done to reduce the detrimental effects of
oxidative stress. This could be done by approaching a
healthy lifestyle, balanced nutrition, and antioxidants.
4) Further research is needed with a larger sample size in
the community setting and facility-based settings
targeting the geriatric populations for early detection of
oxidative stressors by measuring different blood
oxidative stress markers and antioxidant levels.
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Summary
Summary
Most of the cases had moderate-stage of dementia
(37.5%), most dementia cases were mixed-type dementia
(40%) then Alzheimer‘s type (37.5%). Cases had a
statistically significant positive family history of dementia
(p value= 0.001) and had a significantly lower functional
level in IADL assessment.
Blood levels of both glutathione peroxides enzyme
(GPX) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were
significantly lower in cases with dementia compared to
control group, while blood level of Malondialdehyde
(MDA) was significantly higher in cases with dementia
compared to control group.
GPX blood level showed a tpaupfpntuo association with
increases in body mass index as the highest levels were
among obese participants. Also, highly significant
associations were found between GPX blood level and each
of, presence of comorbidities, polypharmacy, and dementia
severity.
MDA blood level showed a significant association
with depression severity, being higher among those with
mild to moderate depression, while TAC blood level was
not significantly affected by any demographic or clinical
parameters.
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Summary
Blood levels of the oxidative stress markers GPX at
cutoff point ≤ 83.2, TAC at cutoff point ≤ 20.9, and MDA at
cutoff point >82.5 were found to have good specificity and
sensitivity for detection of dementia.
Among the three oxidative stress markers used in the
study, the glutathione peroxidase enzyme was linked to the
severity of dementia, so this enzyme could be used to
screen for dementia risk in the early stages.