الفهرس 
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Abstract
Liver and kidney disease is a major health problem worldwide, and hydroxychloroquine is one drug that induces acute damage to the liver, kidneys and other organs.
Objective of the study: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and protective effects of Moringa oleifera leaves against hydroxychloroquine-induced toxicity in rats.
Method: Forty male rats were used, the experimental animals were randomly divided into eight groups, each group included five rats: group one (control group): was given normal diet and water, group two (moringa group): rats were given moringa leaf powder 2.7 g/kg body weight with meal for 3 weeks, group III (hydroxychloroquine group concentration 1000 mg/kg body weight) Animals in this group were given hydroxychloroquine concentration (1000 mg/kg body weight) orally by gastric tube Daily for 5 days, group 4 (Moringa + hydroxychloroquine 1000 mg/kg body weight group): This group received Moringa leaf powder 2.7 g/kg body weight with the meal for 3 weeks, after which they were given a daily hydroxychloroquine concentration ( 1000 mg/kg body weight) orally by gastric tube for 5 days, group V (hydroxychloroquine group concentration 500 mg/kg body weight): Animals in this group were given hydroxychloroquine concentration (500 mg/kg body weight). m of body weight) orally by gastric tube daily for 5 days, group VI (Moringa + hydroxychloroquine concentration 500 mg/kg bw) This group received Moringa leaf powder 2.7 g/kg bw with the meal for 3 Weeks, and then they were administered daily hydroxychloroquine (500 mg/kg body weight) orally by gastric tube for 5 days, group VII (hydroxychloroquine 250 mg/kg body weight group): animals were given in these Hydroxychloroquine group (250 mg/kg body weight) orally by gastric tube daily for 5 days, group 8 (Moringa + hydroxychloroquine 250 mg/kg body weight): This group received Moringa leaf powder 2.7 g / kg body weight with meal for 3 weeks, after which they were administered hydroxychloroquine at a daily concentration (250 mg/kg body weight) orally by gastric tube for 5 days. Then the rats were slaughtered in all groups for the extraction of blood samples, serum separation and autopsy to determine the biochemical measurements, which include measuring the level of activity of malondialdehyde lipid peroxide (MDA), liver enzymes, and antioxidant enzymes activity (SOD) in the serum in addition to determining the level of urea and creatinine level In the blood, the hematological effects of this drug were determined in rats, in addition to the histological study, including the study of liver and kidney tissues.
Results: The results showed a significant increase in the activity of liver enzymes, malondialdehyde lipid peroxidation (MDA), urea level, creatinine concentration and hemoglobin content, and the activity of antioxidant enzymes SOD decreased in mice given hydroxychloroquine, and the groups treated with Moringa oleifera showed a clear improvement when compared with hydroxychloroquine groups and almost recovered in comparison with the control group. histological results showed a circumferential hepatic vacuole and bile duct diffusion, when treatment with Moringa leaf powder there was a significant improvement in the structure of liver and kidney tissues, comet examination results showed damage at the level of DNA, which increased The number of caudate cells and the content of this comet of broken DNA in the form of a cascade extending from the nucleus, when treatment with Moringa oleifera for rats of different experimental groups there was a decrease in damage to liver and kidney cells.
Conclusion: It is concluded that Moringa can contribute to the protection of liver and kidney cells in rats from hydroxychloroquine-induced damage by reducing hepatitis and kidney inflammation and alleviating hepatic oxidative stress.