الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Background: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) a common preventable and treatable disease, is characterized by persistent airflow limitation that is usually progressive and associated with enhanced chronic inflammatory response in the airways and the lung to noxious particles or gases. Aim of the study: This study aimed to determine the impact of Metabolic Syndrome in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Patients and methods: This study was carried out on 60 subjects of both sexes, who were presented to Chest Outpatient Clinic. Patients were presented with signs and symptoms of COPD and proven radiologically, according to the GOLD guidelines. Subjects were categorized into two groups; 30 COPD patients with Metabolic Syndrome (group A) and 30 COPD patients without Metabolic Syndrome (group B). Results: There are 22 men and 8 women in the group of COPD with Metabolic Syndrome with mean age of 56.73 years, while in the group of COPD without Metabolic Syndrome, there were 19 men and 11 women with mean age of 61.1 years. The percentage of current smokers was high in all groups. There were statistically significant differences between the studied groups regarding BMI and waist circumference. There were statistically significant differences between the studied groups regarding systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and serum triglycerides. Regarding spirometry measures, there are statistically significant differences between the studied groups. Regarding GOLD, there was statistically non-significant difference between the studied groups. The frequency of Metabolic Syndrome was the highest in COPD patients in GOLD stage II. Conclusion: The presence of Metabolic Syndrome is substantial among COPD patients, especially in early stages (GOLD stages I−II). When the components of Metabolic Syndrome were evaluated separately, abdominal obesity, hypertension, and hyperglycemia were significantly more in both patients’group.