الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 126 |  |  |
| | | from | 126 | | |
Abstract
EGD has been defined by The American Academy of Periodontology as a mucogingival deformity around teeth where more than 3mm of the gingiva is visible during maximum smiling. There are many causes for EGD including short/hypermobile lips, gingival enlargement and VME. The cause highlighted in this study is APE. In 1980, Goldman & Cohen defined APE as a situation in which the gingival margin in the adult is located incisal to the cervical convexity of the crown and removed from the CEJ of the tooth. It results from failure of the passive eruption phase. In cases where type 2 subgroup B APE is diagnosed, ostectomy is indicated due to the approximation of the bone to the CEJ. This could be in addition to gingivectomy. Conventionally, the amount of soft tissue/bone to be removed was dictated using manual measurements.
In 2020 Deliberador et al. explained that to be able to study both hard and soft tissues, digital treatment planning is used. It is based on diagnostic procedures such as CBCT. The images produced enable the assessment of the buccal and lingual mucosa, gingival phenotype, and evaluation of the optimal relation between hard and soft tissues that helps
facilitate the decision of osteoplasty during surgical planning of GS correction.
New technology was later introduced that included 3D printing of surgical guides to help eliminate the possibility of human errors. The guide is fabricated based on CBCT measurements and an intraoral scan. This can help with ECL when no prosthetic therapy is required. Instead of using diagnostic waxing to fabricate the guide, this approach uses the tooth’s existing anatomy to produce predictable results. (Alhumaidan et al., 2020)
In this study, sixteen patients diagnosed with APE were divided into two groups. The Control group received conventional surgical ECL while the Study group received digitally assisted surgical crown lengthening.
The parameters that were assessed in this study were: wound healing (that included swelling, color, bleeding index and plaque index) according to Hagenaars et al., 2004, operating time, patient satisfaction (pain levels) and gingival margin stability according to Domínguez et al., 2020.
The results of this study showed that a shorter operating time was achieved by the Study Group, while similar results in
terms of wound healing, patient satisfaction and GMS were found in both groups.
This concludes that digitally assisted surgical ECL helps shorten the operating time and eliminates the possibility of human errors during the measurements. This will be useful in helping practitioners (who might have a possibility for errors) to achieve better results.