الفهرس 
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Abstract
The present study was carried out at in the animal research station, Sakha agricultural research center, Egypt. during the period from September to November, 2019. This study was the potentiality of aqueous extract of Ziziphus spina-christi leaves (Seder) (SLAE) to reduce negative impacts of heat stress on production performance and physiological traits was investigated.
A total of 220 25-week-old laying hens (Inshas strain; Egyptian developed strain) For 12 weeks, they were randomly assigned to 4 treatment. There were five repetitions of each treatment (10 hens and 1 cock each).
The groups were:
1. The control group: received a basal diet without addition (Con)
2. the group two: received basal diet + 2.5 ml SLAE /kg diet (SLAE2.5)
3. The third group: basal diet + 5 ml SLAE /kg diet (SLAE 5)
4. The fourth group: basal diet + 7.5 ml SLAE /kg diet (SLAE 7.5)
5. Experimental parameters were:
1- The samples of Seder (Ziziphus Spina-Christi) leaves aqueous extract (SLAE) were analyzed for identified compounds in aqueous extract of Ziziphus spina-christi (L.) leaves.
2- Phytochemical constituents of aqueous extract of Z. spina-christi leaves.
3- The temperature-humidity index (THI, units)
4- Laying performance traits: Live body weight (BW, g)، feed intake (FI, g)، body weight gain (BWG, g)، egg weight (EW, g)، egg number (EN)، Egg mass (EM, g/g)، feed conversion rate.
5- Egg quality parameters: albumen diameter(mm) ،albumen height (mm)، Albumen index (%)،Yolk diameter(mm) ،Yolk height (mm)، Yolk Weight (g)، Yolk color،Yolk index (%)،Haugh unit (score).
6- Fertility and hatchability of eggs: Unfertilized eggs، Fertilized eggs، Chicks produced، Pipped egg ،Fertility (%)، Hatchability to Total eggs (%)، Hatchability to fertilized eggs (%).
7- Serum biochemical variables: serum profiles (total protein (TP, g/dL), albumin (Alb, g/dL), (GL,g/dl), T chole (mg/dl), TL (mg/dl), TG (mg/dl), LDL (mg/dl), HDL (mg/dl), AST (U/mL), ALT (U/mL), Creati (mg/dL), Ur (mg/dL)
8- Redox index: TAC (mM/L), SOD (U/mL), GSH (μM/L), CAT (U/mg), MDA Endocrine hormones: ACTH, T3, T4, T3/T4, FSH, LH
9- Histological observations: ileum, kidney and liver samples were taken from the hens directly after slaughtering and fixed in 10% neutralized formalin.