الفهرس 
المقدمةOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Fluoride is an essential oligo-element, beneficial for growth, reduction of bone fractures and promoting the development of bones and teeth. Moderate fluoride (0.5–1.5 mg/L) in drinking water is beneficial. However, excessive intake of fluoride is toxic to human and animals. Fluoride may interfere with DNA synthesis, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, vitamins and mineral metabolism through oxidative stress mechanism.
Chitosan is an amino polysaccharide derived from deacetylation of chitin of arthropods and insect’s exoskeleton and considered a dietary fiber due to indigestibility by digestive enzymes. Chitosan has attracted much attention as a biomedical material, owing to its unique biological activities
The present investigation aims to was conducted to evaluate the possible effects of Chitosan on Sodium Fluoride induced toxicity in adult male rats
Twenty-eight male adult rats were grouped randomly into four groups (n=7 each group):
• group I: received 0.2 ml/day distilled water orally for 28 days.
• group II: received Chitosan at a dose of 140 mg/kg/day dissolved in 0.2 mL distilled water orally for 28 days.
• group III: received NaF at a dose 20 mg/kg/day dissolved in 0.2 mL distilled water orally for 28 days.
• group IV: received NaF at a dose 20 mg/kg/day dissolved in 0.2 mL distilled water and Chitosan at a dose of 140 mg/kg/day given 30 min before NaF treatment orally for 28 days.