الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Urinary Bladder cancer is the most common neoplasm of the urinary tract worldwide. It accounts for about 6-8% in men, and about 2-3% in females. In Egypt, transitional cell carcinoma is the most common type.
The incidence of urinary bladder carcinoma compared to other types of cancer reaching to about 11.7%, with incidence of transitional cell carcinoma predominant over squamous cell carcinoma (83.3%to 13.3%)
DWI is the only technique able to assess molecular diffusion in vivo and provide information about biophysical properties of tissue such as cell organization, density, and microstructure.
DW-MRI appears as an alternative to cystoscopy because it possesses a non-invasive nature, provides a proximate relationship of diagnostic value for cystoscopy, requires a short time to take an image (120 seconds), in has no necessities for contrast and enables uncomplicated patient compatibility. For the radiological evaluation of urinary bladder carcinoma, MR imaging is a valuable imaging modality due to high tissue contrast, no radiation exposure, multiplanar imaging capabilities, and the possibility of tissue characterization. Recently, diffusion-weighted MR imaging has emerged as a diagnostic technique in the evaluation of various abdominal lesions. DW-MRI has advantages such as short acquisition time and high contrast resolution between tumors and normal tissue.
Our study included 30 patients (20 males and 10 females) with ages ranging from 43 to 80 years old. Cases presented with hematuria (60.0%), dysuria (53.3%), frequency (23.3%) and pelvic pain (16.7%).
Summary and Conclusion
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Solitary urinary bladder lesions represent about 66.7%, while multiple lesions represent (33.3%).
In our study, the commonest site was seen at the lateral U.B wall (60.46%) and the least affected seen at the posterior wall (4.66%). There were 24 (55.81%) tumor lesions that showed fungating appearance while 9 lesions (20.9%) showed a flat appearance and 10 lesions (23.26%) showed a nodular appearance.
In our study urothelial carcinoma represented the most common type (83.3%), squamous cell carcinoma represented (13.3%), while adenocarcinoma was the least common type represented (3.3%)
In our study TNM staging of studied patients, T staging 3.3% of patients were T1, while T3 was in 40.0% of the studied patients.
DWIs imaging among the studied patients showed restricted diffusion in all cases with low ADC values. T staging by DWIs showed 40.0% of the patients were T111, and 6.7% were T1.
In our study, significant relationship between DWIs T staging and histopathological staging. In conclusion, Adding DWI and the ADC value to T2WI improves the accuracy of MRI in Bladder cancer detection and staging.
This non-invasive method could be efficiently used for the evaluation of patients with hematuria of lower urinary tract origin.