الفهرس 
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Abstract
This research aims mainly at the effectiveness of extracts of some medicinal plants in controlling and treating pathogenic germs in an attempt to reduce the need for drugs with dangerous and harmful side effects on humans. 100 clinical samples were collected during the year 2020 from Mansoura University Hospital. Clinical samples included blood (35), urine (30), and stool (35) from different patients of different races and ages ranging from 16 to 55 years. The studied isolates had differences with other isolates in colony morphology. A wide range of microorganisms are involved, both Gram-negative (-) and Gram-positive (+). This type of bacteria belongs to the ESKAPE group, which was recently identified as the main cause of human infection. In this study, the obtained isolates were chemically characterized according to their enzymatic activity and function characteristics. Through biochemical descriptions of these isolates, they all showed their ability to produce some enzymes such as lactose, amylolytic enzymes, proteolytic enzymes, lipolytic enzymes, and the ability to move in their biochemical middle. All bacterial isolates gave negative results for indole production, except for one strain (Escherichia coli) which gave positive results. On the other hand, all bacterial isolates gave negative results for hydrogen sulfide production, except for strains (Escherichia coli) which gave positive results. The antibacterial activity of plant components extracted from selected methanol plant species was evaluated in an in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility test. Depending on the type of bacteria examined, the inhibitory region of root, stem, leaf and flower extracts from different plant species varied. The results showed that the five plant samples are effective antibacterial agents against Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli P. aeruginosa, S. typhimurium, Klebsella pnemoniae, K. pnemoniae subsp. Ozaenae). Except for Echium angustifolium on P. aeruginosa and S. typhimurium and Anthemis cotula on P. aeruginosa. In particular, effective antibacterial activity of leaves, and flower extracts was recorded against E. coli and K. pnemoniae subsp ozaenae. In addition, the present work showed that the five plant samples are effective antibacterial agents against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus epidermidis and S. aureus, S. haemolyticus, and S. xylosus) except for Anthemis cotula on S. xylosus as well as Echium angustifolium on E. coli. In particular, effective antibacterial activity of root and stem extracts was recorded against Staphylococcus aureus and S. xylosus. The cytotoxicity results showed that C. pycnocephalus plant extract had a toxic effect on human hepatoma cell line HePG-2 with an IC value of IC 50 at 46.2 μg/ Ml. The EC50 value of the methanol extract was calculated from C. Morover, the data analysis determined that the higher concentration (dose = 1000 µg/ml) as calculated for the EC50 value (2.82 µg/ml) had a toxic effect on the human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2. On the other hand, shot of E. spenosa showed that extract of aerial parts taken from this plant had moderate cytotoxic activity with IC value of 50 at 352.4 μg/ml. Data analysis determined that the higher concentration (dose = 500 μg/ml) as calculated for the EC50 value (2.68 μg/ml) had a toxic effect on the human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2.