الفهرس 
Evaluation of double over-underlay temporalis fascia myringoplasty in large central tympanic membrane perforation
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Abstract
There are 2 primary graft placement techniques: medial grafting (or underlay) and lateral grafting (or overlay). These terms refer to the position of the graft in relation to the fibrous annulus, fibrous layer of the tympanic membrane remnant(Mudry, 2005). Underlay tympanoplasty is relatively quick and easy to perform. Advantages of the underlay technique also include avoidance of anterior blunting and lateralization of the graft which are the major disadvantages of the overlay technique which is also, a technically demanding technique (Gersdorff et al., 2003).Successful closure of tympanic membrane following myringoplasty, is related to perforation size, site of perforation, duration of discharging ear, the associated pathology in the middle ear, training of surgeon, surgical technique, graft material, previous myringoplasty and smoking history (Sanjana, 2017)