الفهرس 
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Abstract
The patient safety is very important which developed to prevent and minimise risks, errors, and injuries to patients that occur during the provision of health care. People around the world agree that high-quality health care should be effective, safe, and centered on the people who need it. (Candace Friedman, 2014)
The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations defined a successful patient handover as a transfer and acceptance of responsibility for patient care, achieved through effective communication. (Caruso et al., 2015) Since 2006, the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations mentioned improving the effectiveness of communication among caregivers, as one of the National Patient Safety Goal. This goal had been continued to be repeated every year until, 2022, the year in which the current study was conducted. (Paul et al., 2022)
Cardiovascular patients are handed over directly to the critical care unit following surgery, as these patients require extensive care. Intensive care unit patients are particularly vulnerable because of the need for invasive hemodynamic monitoring, administration of high-risk medications, and frequent performance of invasive procedures, all of which provide opportunities for error. (Talley et al., 2019)
The current study was conducted in Cardiovascular Surgery Hospital which is one of Ain Shams University hospitals, providing health care to the Egyptian community in general and the Ain Shams University community in particular, provided that the care is integrated and at the highest level of quality and with the latest means. It also provides training and study services and contributes to the dissemination of science and research services.
The aim of the current study was to improve the safety and quality of patient care in ICU. In addition to that, this study conducted to identify the frequency of defects of current practice of healthcare providers during handover process from operating room to ICU after cardiovascular surgery and to determine the contributing factors that affects the transition of care process.
A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted by using convenience sample. One hundred twenty handover processes of adult post cardiovascular surgery were observed in the intensive care unit of Cardiovascular Surgery Hospital from December 2021 to March 2022.
Data was collected through a checklist which was derived from a review of a previous literature. All the necessary elements for an effective handover and to assess the performance of the handover process were included in the checklist. It included 8 main areas (Contributing factor, Pre-handover, Equipment and technology handover, Patient specific information, Anesthesia information, surgical information, Duration, Distraction).
Results of this study showed that most of the information is transferred 100% as a matter of routine. The Median (IQR) omission per handover of patient specific information, anesthesia information and surgical information was 3(2 - 3), 3 (3 - 3) and 4.5 (3 - 5), respectively.
This work also studied the effect of the contributing factors on the omission rate and found there was no significant difference between contributing factors regarding all the handover information and equipments handover.
The mean duration of handover process was 15.09 ± 5.69 minutes (range 8–35 minutes), and 76 of 120 the handover processes were distracted by external and irrelevant communication.
In this study, it was demonstrated that 63.3% of handover processes were interrupted, in most cases by handling the patient, phone calls, or even private conversation. Multitasking, lack of time, as well as hectic and crowded circumstances are common causes for disturbed communication.
Many positive findings and fewer omissions of critical information were observed. The overall omission is low in spite of the expected to be zero. So this study highlighted the future needs to standardize handover process in the ICU. A formal, comprehensive handover checklist should be implemented to guide communication and decrease information omissions and technical errors that occurred during the handover process in the ICU.