الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
1. The 21 nanoparticles solid samples were prepared as Zn-Co LDH (I, II and III) synthesized by co-precipitation, two methods were used to produce pure TiO2 either by oleic acid (IV) or phosphate (V). The mixtures of Ti/Zn-Co by oleic acid were (VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI and XII at various thermal treatment conditions and contents. However, TiO2 by phosphate mesoporous of Ti/Zn-Co: XIII, XIV, XV, XVI, XVII, XVIII, XIX, XX and XXI at various calcination temperatures and surfactants.
2. Insight into the use of LDH, preparation, and characterization of Ti/Zn-Co nanoparticles with different thermal treatment conditions and addition of surfactant have been studied.
Physicochemical studies by X-ray, FT-IR, SEM, TEM, BET, ESR, XPS, AFM EIS, CV and Raman before and after reactions.
3. Application of prepared 21 nanoparticles solids for removal of organic pollutants as E124 and E102 dyes by photo degradation and / or adsorption are studied.
4. The kinetic study for the degradation reaction of dye was carried out using LDH (I, II and III) and UV-visible DRS. The thermodynamics parameters were calculated from Arrhenius plots, which have activation energy of 18.18 kJ/mole. The positive values of ΔH and negative values of ΔS correspond to endothermic ordered reactions in the photo-catalytic degradation of E124 with LDH. In addition, the +ve values of ΔG at all temperatures indicate the
spontaneous nature of the photo-catalytic degradation of E124 dye with LDH. It can be seen also that the photo-degradation obeys the 1st order concerning kinetic studies which is best consistent with the experimental data.
5. After photo-catalytic degradation of pure Zn-Co, LDH II ˃ I ˃ III gives the best removal of 90%. At different effects for solid II and different kinetics and thermodynamics parameters are calculated. Two methods produce pure for TiO2 either by oleic acid (IV) or phosphate (V). The mixtures of Ti/Zn-Co by oleic acid (VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, and XII) at various thermal treatment conditions and contents were examined. However TiO2 by phosphate mesoporous of Ti/Zn-Co (XIII, XIV, XV, XVI, XVII, XVIII, XIX, XX, and XXI were prepared and modified by surfactants). The Ti/Zn-Co prepared by the hydrothermal method at calcination temperature which has maximum removal of 90% at different ratio of TiO2. The phosphateed mesoporous Ti/Zn-Co (XIV ˃ XIII ˃ XV) gives the best removal of E124 dye of 50%, whereas, after treatment with different surfactants (HDTMA-Cl & Triton X-100) consequently as (XVI ˃ XVIII ˃ XVII) for the best removal of E124 dye of 100%. The effect of concentrations of surfactant is examined
6. The S-Scheme mechanism was proposed for the studied reactions.