الفهرس 
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Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the virus that is responsible for causing acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Nearly all HIV infections in children under the age of 13 are from vertical transmission, which means the virus is passed to the child when they are in their mother’s uterus or as they pass through the birth canal, or through breastfeeding. In adolescents, HIV is most commonly spread by sexual contact with an infected partner. The virus destroys or impairs cells of the immune system and progressively destroys the body’s ability to fight infections and certain cancers. Since the availability of antiretroviral treatments (ART), HIV has been turned from a fatal disease to a manageable chronic disease (Gray, et al., 2017).
Aim of the study
This study aimed to:
Assessing knowledge, attitude and practice of nurses regarding care of children suffering from human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS.
Summary
155
Research questions
1- What is the knowledge of nurses regarding care of children suffering from HIV/AIDS?
2- What are the attitudes of nurses regarding care of children suffering from HIV/AIDS?
3-What are the practices of nurses regarding care of children suffering from HIV/AIDS?
This study has been portrayed under the four main designs as following:
Technical design.
Operational design.
Administrative design.
Statistical design.
Technical Design:
The technical design includes research design, setting, subject and tools of data collection.
Research Design:
A descriptive design was used to conduct this study.
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Setting:
This study will conducted at department number (1), Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU), dialysis unit at Homyat Hospital in EL-Abassia, affiliated to Ministry of Health and Population (MOHP).The department number (1) has five rooms each room includes three beds. The Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) has two words, the first word includes eight beds, and the second word includes two beds for isolation. Dialysis unit has three rooms, room for virus (B) includes eight beds, room for virus (C) includes three beds and room for virus (HIV) includes five beds.
Subject:
- A convenient sample included of all available 100 nurses who are caring of children suffering from HIV/AIDS at the previously mentioned setting.
- For children: the sample composed of 68 children with HIV, children age from 1 to less than18 years.
Tools of data collection
The data were collected through using the following tools:
Summary
157
Tool 1: A pre designed questionnaire format:
This tool was designed by researcher based on (Abolfotouh et al., 2013) and (El Nady et al., 2011) and modified by the researcher under thesis supervisors. Written in a simple Arabic language to gather data included three parts:
Part I: Socio-demographic data:
- characteristics of nurses as:
Age, gender, level of education, previously attending educational or training related program.
- characteristics of children as:
Age, gender, level of education, diagnosis (early/late), before 3 months or after 3 months, length of illness, medical history, and social level.
Part II: HIV Knowledge Questionnaire sheet:
To assess their knowledge about HIV-disease. The question sheet included 3 parts (84 Questions) as following:
The first part: Assessment knowledge of nurses about HIV-disease (58 Questions) as:
1-Definition of AIDS (6 Questions).
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2- Causes of AIDS (4 Questions).
3-Mode of transmission of infection (24 Questions).
4-Symptoms of AIDS in children (8 Questions).
5-Complications of AIDS (10 Questions).
6-Supportive treatment (7 Questions).
The second part: Assessment knowledge of nurses regarding reported nursing care of children suffering from AIDS (20 Questions).
1- Nursing care about prevention of opportunistic infection (9 Questions).
2- Nursing care about providing adequate nourishment (8 Questions).
3- Nursing care about infection control (3 Questions).
Third part: Assessment knowledge of nurses regarding preventive measure of prevent spread HIV infection (6 Questions).
Scoring system:
Each question was scored as the following:
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The correct answer was scored by ”one score”, and the incorrect answer was scored by ”zero”. These scores summed-up and converted into a percent score.
- Poor score (<60%).
-Average (60< 75%).
-Good level of knowledge (score >75%).
Part III: AIDS Attitude Scale:
It was used to assess attitudes of nurses regarding HIV/AIDS children patients, this part was used (20 questions).
Scoring system:
Positive attitude was scored by (1point), and negative attitude was scored by (zero).These scores summed-up and converted into a percent score.
-Positive if total score of a nurse is 60%.
-Negative if total score of a nurse is less than 60%.
Tool II -Nurses Practice (observational checklist):
This tool was designed by the researcher under thesis supervisors, to observe practices of nurses regarding care for children with HIV/AIDS, there were 12 observational check list, with total steps (60 steps).
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1-Oral care (3 steps).
2-Skin care (4 steps).
3-Eye care (5 steps).
4-Promote pulmonary health (2 steps).
5-Assessment report (4 steps).
6-General practices (5 steps).
7-Providing health education (4 steps).
8-Emotional support for family and children (3 steps)
9- Nutritional support (12 steps).
10- Preventive measures for infections (5 steps).
11-General infection control (5 steps).
12-Safety measures (8 steps).
Scoring system:
Each nurse observed during applying the mentioned practices, the correct step scored ”one”, and that incorrect step scored ”zero”. These scores summed-up and converted into a percent score.
- ”Competent” if the percent score was 80% or more.
- ”Incompetent” if less than 80%.
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Content and face validity:
It was ascertained by a group of three experts in the field of Pediatric Nursing to test its content validity by reviewing the tools clarity, relevance, comprehensives, simplicity, minor modification were done; reliability was tested statistically.
Content reliability:
Reliability of the tool was performed to confirm validity of tool and was calculated statistically. Reliability of the study’s tool was done by using Alpha Cronbach test (0.835)